Desktop文件Categories详细说明

This section contains a number of well known categories and suggestions on how to use them. The list of Main Categories consist of those categories that every conforming desktop environment MUST support. By including one of these categories in an application’s desktop entry file the application will be ensured that it will show up in a section of the application menu dedicated to this category. The list of Additional Categories provides categories that can be used to provide more fine grained information about the application. Additional Categories should always be used in combination with one of the Main Categories.

1. Main Categories

The table below lists all Main Categories. Note that category names are case-sensitive.

Main Category	Description	Notes
AudioVideo	A multimedia (audio/video) application
Audio	An audio application	Desktop entry must include AudioVideo as well
Video	A video application	Desktop entry must include AudioVideo as well
Development	An application for development
Education	Educational software
Game	A game
Graphics	Graphical application
Network	Network application such as a web browser
Office	An office type application
Settings	Settings applications	Entries may appear in a separate menu or as part of a “Control Center”
System	System application, “System Tools” such as say a log viewer or network monitor
Utility	Small utility application, “Accessories”

2. Additional Category

The table below describes Additional Categories. The Related Categories column lists one or more categories that are suggested to be used in conjunction with the Additional Category. Note that at least one Main Category must be included in the desktop entry’s list of categories. If multiple Main Categories are included in a single desktop entry file, the entry may appear more than once in the menu. If the Related Categories column is blank, the Additional Category can be used with any Main Category.

Additional Category	Description	Related Categories
Building	A tool to build applications	Development
Debugger	A tool to debug applications	Development
IDE	IDE application	Development
GUIDesigner	A GUI designer application	Development
Profiling	A profiling tool	Development
RevisionControl	Applications like cvs or subversion	Development
Translation	A translation tool	Development
Calendar	Calendar application	Office
ContactManagement	E.g. an address book	Office
Database	Application to manage a database	Office or Development or AudioVideo
Dictionary	A dictionary	Office;TextTools
Chart	Chart application	Office
Email	Email application	Office;Network
Finance	Application to manage your finance	Office
FlowChart	A flowchart application	Office
PDA	Tool to manage your PDA	Office
ProjectManagement	Project management application	Office;Development
Presentation	Presentation software	Office
Spreadsheet	A spreadsheet	Office
WordProcessor	A word processor	Office
2DGraphics	2D based graphical application	Graphics
VectorGraphics	Vector based graphical application	Graphics;2DGraphics
RasterGraphics	Raster based graphical application	Graphics;2DGraphics
3DGraphics	3D based graphical application	Graphics
Scanning	Tool to scan a file/text	Graphics
OCR	Optical character recognition application	Graphics;Scanning
Photography	Camera tools, etc.	Graphics or Office
Publishing	Desktop Publishing applications and Color Management tools	Graphics or Office
Viewer	Tool to view e.g. a graphic or pdf file	Graphics or Office
TextTools	A text tool utiliy	Utility
DesktopSettings	Configuration tool for the GUI	Settings
HardwareSettings	A tool to manage hardware components, like sound cards, video cards or printers	Settings
Printing	A tool to manage printers	HardwareSettings;Settings
PackageManager	A package manager application	Settings
Dialup	A dial-up program	Network
InstantMessaging	An instant messaging client	Network
Chat	A chat client	Network
IRCClient	An IRC client	Network
FileTransfer	Tools like FTP or P2P programs	Network
HamRadio	HAM radio software	Network or Audio
News	A news reader or a news ticker	Network
P2P	A P2P program	Network
RemoteAccess	A tool to remotely manage your PC	Network
Telephony	Telephony via PC	Network
TelephonyTools	Telephony tools, to dial a number, manage PBX, …	Utility
VideoConference	Video Conference software	Network
WebBrowser	A web browser	Network
WebDevelopment	A tool for web developers	Network or Development
Midi	An app related to MIDI	AudioVideo;Audio
Mixer	Just a mixer	AudioVideo;Audio
Sequencer	A sequencer	AudioVideo;Audio
Tuner	A tuner	AudioVideo;Audio
TV	A TV application	AudioVideo;Video
AudioVideoEditing	Application to edit audio/video files	Audio or Video or AudioVideo
Player	Application to play audio/video files	Audio or Video or AudioVideo
Recorder	Application to record audio/video files	Audio or Video or AudioVideo
DiscBurning	Application to burn a disc	AudioVideo
ActionGame	An action game	Game
AdventureGame	Adventure style game	Game
ArcadeGame	Arcade style game	Game
BoardGame	A board game	Game
BlocksGame	Falling blocks game	Game
CardGame	A card game	Game
KidsGame	A game for kids	Game
LogicGame	Logic games like puzzles, etc	Game
RolePlaying	A role playing game	Game
Simulation	A simulation game	Game
SportsGame	A sports game	Game
StrategyGame	A strategy game	Game
Art	Software to teach arts	Education
Construction	Education
Music	Musical software	AudioVideo;Education
Languages	Software to learn foreign languages	Education
Science	Scientific software	Education
ArtificialIntelligence	Artificial Intelligence software	Education;Science
Astronomy	Astronomy software	Education;Science
Biology	Biology software	Education;Science
Chemistry	Chemistry software	Education;Science
ComputerScience	ComputerSience software	Education;Science
DataVisualization	Data visualization software	Education;Science
Economy	Economy software	Education
Electricity	Electricity software	Education;Science
Geography	Geography software	Education
Geology	Geology software	Education;Science
Geoscience	Geoscience software	Education;Science
History	History software	Education
ImageProcessing	Image Processing software	Education;Science
Literature	Literature software	Education
Math	Math software	Education;Science
NumericalAnalysis	Numerical analysis software	Education;Science;Math
MedicalSoftware	Medical software	Education;Science
Physics	Physics software	Education;Science
Robotics	Robotics software	Education;Science
Sports	Sports software	Education
ParallelComputing	Parallel computing software	Education;Science;ComputerScience
Amusement	A simple amusement
Archiving	A tool to archive/backup data	Utility
Compression	A tool to manage compressed data/archives	Utility;Archiving
Electronics	Electronics software, e.g. a circuit designer
Emulator	Emulator of another platform, such as a DOS emulator	System or Game
Engineering	Engineering software, e.g. CAD programs
FileTools	A file tool utility	Utility or System
FileManager	A file manager	System;FileTools
TerminalEmulator	A terminal emulator application	System
Filesystem	A file system tool	System
Monitor	Monitor application/applet that monitors some resource or activity	System
Security	A security tool	Settings or System
Accessibility	Accessibility	Settings or Utility
Calculator	A calculator	Utility
Clock	A clock application/applet	Utility
TextEditor	A text editor	Utility
Documentation	Help or documentation
Core	Important application, core to the desktop such as a file manager or a help browser
KDE	Application based on KDE libraries	QT
GNOME	Application based on GNOME libraries	GTK
GTK	Application based on GTK+ libraries
Qt	Application based on Qt libraries
Motif	Application based on Motif libraries
Java	Application based on Java GUI libraries, such as AWT or Swing
ConsoleOnly	Application that only works inside a terminal (text-based or command line application)

3. Reserved Category

The table below describes Reserved Categories. Reserved Categories have a specific desktop specific meaning that has not been standardized (yet). Desktop entry files that use a reserved category MUST also include an appropriate OnlyShowIn= entry to restrict themselves to those environments that properly support the reserved category as used.

Reserved Category	Description
Screensaver	A screen saver (launching this desktop entry should activate the screen saver)
TrayIcon	An application that is primarily an icon for the “system tray” or “notification area” (apps that open a normal window and just happen to have a tray icon as well should not list this category)
Applet	An applet that will run inside a panel or another such application, likely desktop specific
Shell	A shell (an actual specific shell such as bash or tcsh, not a TerminalEmulator)

---

以上所有资料，来源 Desktop Menu Specification。