虚析构函数作用（代码）

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-08 19:34:10 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-10-08 19:34:10 发布

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分类专栏：编码文章标签：虚析构函数 c++ 多态

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/shdj111/article/details/39961747

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1.在没有虚析构函数的情况下

#pragma once

class CPointX
{
public:
	CPointX(void);
// 	virtual ~CPointX(void);
	~CPointX(void);

	int getX(){return m_x;}
	int getY(){return m_y;}

	void setX(int x){m_x = x;}
	void setY(int y){m_y = y;}

protected:
	int m_x;
	int m_y;
};

#include "StdAfx.h"
#include "PointX.h"

CPointX::CPointX(void)
{
	printf("point construct!\n");
	m_x = 0;
	m_y = 0;
}

CPointX::~CPointX(void)
{
	printf("point destruct!\n");
}

#pragma once
#include "pointx.h"

class CColorPointX :
	public CPointX
{
public:
	CColorPointX(void);
// 	virtual ~CColorPointX(void);
	~CColorPointX(void);


protected:
	int m_color;
};

CColorPointX::CColorPointX(void)
{
	printf("color point construct!\n");
	m_color = 0;
}

CColorPointX::~CColorPointX(void)
{
	printf("color point destruct!\n");
}

main函数如下：

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{

	CColorPointX *pline = new CColorPointX();
	assert(pline != NULL);

	delete pline;
	pline = NULL;

// 	CPointX* ppt = new CColorPointX();
// 	delete ppt;

	return 0;
}

输出结果如下：

point construct!

color point construct!

color point destruct!

point destruct!

2.将上述两个类中的析构函数改为虚析构函数，main函数不变，输出结果如下：

point construct!

color point construct!

color point destruct!

point destruct!

3.不使用虚析构函数，main函数如下：

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{

// 	CColorPointX *pline = new CColorPointX();
// 	assert(pline != NULL);
// 
// 	delete pline;
// 	pline = NULL;

	CPointX* ppt = new CColorPointX();
	delete ppt;

	return 0;
}

输出结果：

point construct!

color point construct!

point destruct!

4.使用虚析构函数，main函数同3，输出结果如下：

point construct!

color point construct!

color point destruct!

point destruct!

总结：虚析构函数解决了使用基类指针删除派生类对象的问题。