k8s学习笔记——ceph pv rbd动态挂载

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最新推荐文章于 2024-07-08 09:21:33 发布

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//参考https://github.com/kubernetes-retired/external-storage/tree/master/ceph/rbd

//参考https://www.wenjiangs.com/doc/hqefraum

1、创建pool，动态pv专用的数据池

2、创建ceph-secret.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: ceph-secret-admin
  namespace: kube-system
type: "kubernetes.io/rbd"
data:
  key: QVFCTVQrUmdxYkxzTUJBQS90ZExaTUVBNjY5bmxtODJkNitCeXc9PQ==

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: ceph-secret
  namespace: kube-system
type: "kubernetes.io/rbd"
data:
  key: QVFETkJ3UmhxamhVTkJBQVhjWTJoQUlpVnczQmlOc1F6bndoUlE9PQ==

这里ceph-secret-admin的key和ceph-secret的key值可以一样，上面的内容时参考https://github.com/kubernetes-retired/external-storage/tree/master/ceph/rbd

如若使用admin用户可具有ceph操作的所有权限

若使用创建新用户可以重新定义ceph的操作权限，如下

ceph osd pool create kube 8 8
ceph auth add client.kube mon 'allow r' osd 'allow rwx pool=kube'
ceph auth get-key client.kube > /tmp/key
kubectl create secret generic ceph-secret --from-file=/tmp/key --namespace=kube-system --type=kubernetes.io/rbd

这里需要注意get-key是需要base64转换的，如果和官网上一样直接用是会报错的。

ceph auth get-key client.kube | base64

//查看

//kubectl get secret -n kube-system |grep ceph

ceph-secret                   kubernetes.io/rbd                     1      3d11h
ceph-secret-admin             kubernetes.io/rbd                     1      3d11h

3、部署rbd-provisioner

这里需要注意，因为k8s上的kube-controller-manager资源是运行在容器里，它要调用物理机上的ceph操作需要另外在容器上部署一个rbd-provisioner才能操作成功，否则会报错如下：

"rbd: create volume failed, err: failed to create rbd image: executable file not found in $PATH:"

创建rbd-provisioner.yaml

kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: rbd-provisioner
rules:
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["persistentvolumes"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "create", "delete"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["persistentvolumeclaims"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "update"]
  - apiGroups: ["storage.k8s.io"]
    resources: ["storageclasses"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["events"]
    verbs: ["create", "update", "patch"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["services"]
    resourceNames: ["kube-dns", "coredns"]
    verbs: ["list", "get"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["endpoints"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "create", "update", "patch"]

---

kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: rbd-provisioner
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: rbd-provisioner
    namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: rbd-provisioner
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io

---

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: Role
metadata:
  name: rbd-provisioner
  namespace: kube-system
rules:
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["secrets"]
  verbs: ["get"]
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["endpoints"]
  verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "create", "update", "patch"]

---

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  name: rbd-provisioner
  namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Role
  name: rbd-provisioner
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: rbd-provisioner
  namespace: kube-system

---

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: rbd-provisioner
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    app: rbd-provisioner
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: rbd-provisioner
  strategy:
    type: Recreate
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: rbd-provisioner
    spec:
      nodeSelector:
        app: rbd-provisioner
      containers:
      - name: rbd-provisioner
        image: "quay.io/external_storage/rbd-provisioner:latest"
        volumeMounts:
        - name: ceph-conf
          mountPath: /etc/ceph
        env:
        - name: PROVISIONER_NAME
          value: ceph.com/rbd
      serviceAccount: rbd-provisioner
      volumes:
      - name: ceph-conf
        hostPath:
          path: /etc/ceph
      tolerations:
      - key: "node-role.kubernetes.io/master"
        operator: "Exists"
        effect: "NoSchedule"

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: rbd-provisioner
  namespace: kube-system

4、创建ceph-rbd-sc.yaml

apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
  name: ceph-rbd
  annotations:
    storageclass.beta.kubernetes.io/is-default-class: "true"
provisioner: ceph.com/rbd
#reclaimPolicy: Retain
allowVolumeExpansion: true
parameters:
  monitors: 10.12.70.201:6789,10.12.70.202:6789,10.12.70.203:6789
  adminId: admin
  adminSecretName: ceph-secret-admin
  adminSecretNamespace: kube-system
  pool: kube
  userId: kube
  userSecretName: ceph-secret
  userSecretNamespace: kube-system
  fsType: ext4
  imageFormat: "2"
  imageFeatures: "layering"

5、创建pvc和测试应用

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: ceph-pod1
spec:
  containers:
  - name: ceph-busybox
    image: busybox
    command: ["sleep", "60000"]
    volumeMounts:
    - name: ceph-vol1
      mountPath: /usr/share/basybox
      readOnly: false
  volumes:
  - name: ceph-vol1
    persistentVolumeClaim:
      claimName: ceph-claim

---

kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: ceph-claim
spec:
  storageClassName: ceph-rbd
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 2Gi

//报错

当运行第5步后开始发现pod是处于pedding状态的，然后查看pvc也是pending状态

//kubectl get pvc
NAME           STATUS   VOLUME    CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   STORAGECLASS   AGE
ceph-claim     pending                                      ceph-rbd       2d10h

这说明rbd-provisioner没有生效。查看pod里的logs的报错信息

//kubectl get pod -n kube-system |grep rbd
rbd-provisioner-f4956975f-4ksqt            1/1     Running   0          2d15h

//kubectl logs rbd-provisioner-f4956975f-4ksqt -n kube-system


//报错
1 controller.go:1004] provision "default/ceph-claim" class "ceph-rbd": unexpected error getting claim reference: selfLink was empty, can't make reference

//找了找资料发现，kubernetes 1.20版本禁用了 selfLink。
当前的解决方法是编辑/etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-apiserver.yaml
在这里：

spec:
containers:
- command:
- kube-apiserver
添加这一行：

- --feature-gates=RemoveSelfLink=false

需要k8s的每个master节点都进行此操作。

//更改完后，pvc继续处于pending状态，继续查看logs信息

//报错
I0728 14:26:55.704256       1 event.go:221] Event(v1.ObjectReference{Kind:"PersistentVolumeClaim", Namespace:"default", Name:"ceph-claim", UID:"e252cc3d-4ff0-400f-9bc2-feee20ecbb40", APIVersion:"v1", ResourceVersion:"19495043", FieldPath:""}): type: 'Warning' reason: 'ProvisioningFailed' failed to provision volume with StorageClass "ceph-rbd": failed to create rbd image: exit status 13, command output: did not load config file, using default settings.
2021-07-28 14:26:52.645 7f70da266900 -1 Errors while parsing config file!
2021-07-28 14:26:52.645 7f70da266900 -1 parse_file: cannot open /etc/ceph/ceph.conf: (2) No such file or directory
2021-07-28 14:26:52.645 7f70da266900 -1 parse_file: cannot open /root/.ceph/ceph.conf: (2) No such file or directory
2021-07-28 14:26:52.645 7f70da266900 -1 parse_file: cannot open ceph.conf: (2) No such file or directory
2021-07-28 14:26:52.645 7f70da266900 -1 Errors while parsing config file!
2021-07-28 14:26:52.645 7f70da266900 -1 parse_file: cannot open /etc/ceph/ceph.conf: (2) No such file or directory
2021-07-28 14:26:52.645 7f70da266900 -1 parse_file: cannot open /root/.ceph/ceph.conf: (2) No such file or directory
2021-07-28 14:26:52.645 7f70da266900 -1 parse_file: cannot open ceph.conf: (2) No such file or directory
2021-07-28 14:26:52.685 7f70da266900 -1 auth: unable to find a keyring on /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring,/etc/ceph/ceph.keyring,/etc/ceph/keyring,/etc/ceph/keyring.bin,: (2) No such file or directory
2021-07-28 14:26:55.689 7f70da266900 -1 monclient: get_monmap_and_config failed to get config
2021-07-28 14:26:55.689 7f70da266900 -1 auth: unable to find a keyring on /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring,/etc/ceph/ceph.keyring,/etc/ceph/keyring,/etc/ceph/keyring.bin,: (2) No such file or directory
rbd: couldn't connect to the cluster!

这个报错是说rbd-provisioner需要ceph.conf等配置信息，在网上找到临时解决办法是通过docker拷贝将本地/etc/ceph/里的文件拷贝到镜像里去。对了这里忘了说明在执行rbd-provisioner.yaml成功后docker本地镜像会成功拉下一个quay.io/external_storage/rbd-provisioner:latest镜像，如下

//sudo docker images
REPOSITORY                                 TAG        IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
quay.io/external_storage/rbd-provisioner   latest     9fb54e49f9bf   2 years ago     405MB

//临时拷贝命令

//sudo docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                                      COMMAND                  CREATED       STATUS       PORTS     NAMES
52218eacb4a9   quay.io/external_storage/rbd-provisioner   "/usr/local/bin/rbd-…"   2 days ago    Up 2 days              k8s_rbd-provisioner_rbd-provisioner-f4956975f-4ksqt_kube-system_c6e08e90-3775-45f2-90fe-9fbc0eb16efc_0

//sudo docker cp /etc/ceph/ceph.conf 52218eacb4a9:/etc/ceph

这种方法一旦docker 镜像重启，拷贝的文件就没有了，所以我在rbd-provisioner.yaml文件了加载了hostpath将本地目录挂载到容器里，如下

    containers:
      - name: rbd-provisioner
        image: "quay.io/external_storage/rbd-provisioner:latest"
        volumeMounts:
        - name: ceph-conf
          mountPath: /etc/ceph
        env:
        - name: PROVISIONER_NAME
          value: ceph.com/rbd
      serviceAccount: rbd-provisioner
      volumes:
      - name: ceph-conf
        hostPath:
          path: /etc/ceph

//为保证rbd-provisioner和kube-controller-manager运行在同一个节点上，在master节点上打上标签

//kubectl label nodes k8s70131 app=rbd-provisioner

//kubectl get nodes --show-labels
NAME       STATUS   ROLES                  AGE    VERSION   LABELS
k8s70131   Ready    control-plane,master   137d   v1.21.2   app=rbd-provisioner,beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,kubernetes.io/hostname=k8s70132,kubernetes.io/os=linux,node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane=,node-role.kubernetes.io/master=

//可以看到labels栏里已经有了app=rbd-provisioner标签


//删除标签操作
//kubectl label nodes k8s70131 app-

因为master节点都设置了污点，要想在其节点上部署pod需要设置容忍污点。在rbd-provisioner.yaml文件中添加如下

 tolerations:
   - key: "node-role.kubernetes.io/master"
     operator: "Exists"
     effect: "NoSchedule"

然后查看,可以看到pod在同一个节点上了

//kubectl get pod -n kube-system -o wide

rbd-provisioner-f4956975f-4ksqt            1/1     Running   0          2d16h   22.244.157.77   k8s70131   <none>           <none>
kube-controller-manager-k8s70131           1/1     Running   2          44d     10.12.70.131    k8s70131   <none>           <none>

//此时发现pvc依旧是pending状态，查看log信息也不再报错了，捣鼓了很久发现是rbd-provisioner镜像里的ceph-common的版本和物理机ceph集群的版本不一致导致，接下来升级镜像里的ceph版本。

//物理机上执行ceph -v
ceph version 15.2.13 (c44bc49e7a57a87d84dfff2a077a2058aa2172e2) octopus (stable)
版本是v15.2.13
//进入镜像
//kubectl get pod -n kube-system |grep rbd
rbd-provisioner-f4956975f-4ksqt            1/1     Running   0          2d16h
//kubectl describe pod rbd-provisioner-f4956975f-4ksqt -n kube-system
Containers:
  rbd-provisioner:
    Container ID:   docker://52218eacb4a91b8338cf38958fe5a5213f0bd4cc8c4d5b3d15d9cda69e8af98e
    Image:          quay.io/external_storage/rbd-provisioner:latest
    Image ID:       docker-pullable://quay.io/external_storage/rbd-provisioner@sha256:94fd36b8625141b62ff1addfa914d45f7b39619e55891bad0294263ecd2ce09a
    Port:           <none>
    Host Port:      <none>
    State:          Running
      Started:      Sat, 31 Jul 2021 18:27:44 +0800
    Ready:          True
    Restart Count:  0
    Environment:
      PROVISIONER_NAME:  ceph.com/rbd
    Mounts:
      /etc/ceph from ceph-conf (rw)
      /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from rbd-provisioner-token-5lx5m (ro)

//kubectl exec -it rbd-provisioner-f4956975f-4ksqt -c rbd-provisioner -n kube-system

ceph -v   版本是v13.2.1
对ceph升级
修改/etc/yum.repos.d/cph.repo
https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ceph/keys/
https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ceph/rpm-15.2.13/el7/

yum clean all
yum makecache
yum -y update

升级完毕后查看pvc

//kubectl get pvc
NAME            STATUS   VOLUME                                     CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   STORAGECLASS   AGE
ceph-claim      Bound    pvc-6f7de232-7a76-454f-8c72-f24e21e3230a   2Gi        RWO            ceph-rbd       2d11h


//查看pv 
//kubectl get pv
NAME                                       CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   RECLAIM POLICY   STATUS   CLAIM                   STORAGECLASS   REASON   AGE
pvc-6f7de232-7a76-454f-8c72-f24e21e3230a   2Gi        RWO            Delete           Bound    default/ceph-claim      ceph-rbd                2d11h

k8s ceph pv rbd动态挂载设置成功