Qt多线程（一）

1.摘要

Qt实现多线程机制主要有两种方法，一是继承QThread重写Run函数，另一种是创建一个继承QObject的类在其中movethread到另一个线程中。

1.方法一实现多线程

用一个简单例子说明使用继承QThread重写Run函数实现多线程。

新建一个工程，添加一个 Thread类继承QThread

头文件：

#ifndef THREAD_H

#define THREAD_H

#include <QThread>

#include <QMutex>

class Thread:public QThread

{

    Q_OBJECT

public:

    Thread();

    void setMessage(const QString &message);

    void stop();

protected:

    void run();

private:

    QString messageStr;

    volatile bool stopped;

    QMutex mutex;

};

#endif // THREAD_H

CPP文件：

#include "thread.h"

#include <QDebug>

Thread::Thread()

{

    stopped=false;

}

void Thread::setMessage(const QString &message)

{

    messageStr=message;

}

void Thread::run()

{

    forever

    {

        if(stopped)

        {

            stopped=false;

            break;

        }

        qDebug()<<messageStr;

    }

    qDebug()<<endl;

}

void Thread::stop()

{

    stopped=true;

}

dialog界面：

dialog 头文件：

#ifndef DIALOG_H

#define DIALOG_H

#include <QDialog>

#include "thread.h"

#include <QCloseEvent>

namespace Ui {

class Dialog;

}

class Dialog : public QDialog

{

    Q_OBJECT

public:

    explicit Dialog(QWidget *parent = 0);

    ~Dialog();

protected:

    void closeEvent(QCloseEvent *event);

private slots:

    void on_btnStartA_clicked();

    void on_btnStartB_clicked();

private:

    Thread threadA;

    Thread threadB;

private:

    Ui::Dialog *ui;

};

#endif // DIALOG_H

dialog cpp文件：

#include "dialog.h"

#include "ui_dialog.h"

Dialog::Dialog(QWidget *parent) :

    QDialog(parent),

    ui(new Ui::Dialog)

{

    ui->setupUi(this);

    threadA.setMessage("A");

    threadB.setMessage("B");

}

Dialog::~Dialog()

{

    delete ui;

}

void Dialog::on_btnStartA_clicked()

{

    if(threadA.isRunning())

    {

        threadA.stop();

        ui->btnStartA->setText(tr("Start A"));

    }

    else

    {

        threadA.start();

        ui->btnStartA->setText(tr("Stop A"));

    }

}

void Dialog::on_btnStartB_clicked()

{

    if(threadB.isRunning())

    {

        threadB.stop();

        ui->btnStartB->setText(tr("Start B"));

    }

    else

    {

        threadB.start();

        ui->btnStartB->setText(tr("Stop B"));

    }

}

void Dialog::closeEvent(QCloseEvent *event)

{

    threadA.stop();

    threadB.stop();

    threadA.wait();

    threadB.wait();

    event->accept();

}

这里主要通过点击按钮一个线程循环输出A，一个线程循环输出B。

3.方法二实现多线程

Qt4.8之后，官方建议使用该方法实现多线程，这个方法也比方法一灵活。

新建一个工程添加 DBMoveToThread类继承自QObject

头文件：

#ifndef DBMOVETOTHREAD_H

#define DBMOVETOTHREAD_H

#include <QObject>

#include <QDebug>

#include <QThread>

class DBMoveToThread:public QObject

{

    Q_OBJECT

public:

   explicit DBMoveToThread(QObject *parent=0);

public slots:

    void callWork();

    void slotWork1();

    void slotWork2();

private:

    QThread *thread;

};

#endif // DBMOVETOTHREAD_H

CPP文件：

#include "dbmovetothread.h"

DBMoveToThread::DBMoveToThread(QObject *parent):

     QObject(parent)

{

    thread=new QThread;

    this->moveToThread(thread);

    thread->start();

}

void DBMoveToThread::callWork()

{

    qDebug()<<"callWork"<<QThread::currentThreadId();

}

void DBMoveToThread::slotWork1()

{

    qDebug()<<"slotWork1"<<QThread::currentThreadId();

}

void DBMoveToThread::slotWork2()

{

    qDebug()<<"slotlWork2"<<QThread::currentThreadId();

}

dilalog界面

头文件：

#ifndef DIALOG_H

#define DIALOG_H

#include <QDialog>

#include "dbmovetothread.h"

namespace Ui {

class Dialog;

}

class Dialog : public QDialog

{

    Q_OBJECT

public:

    explicit Dialog(QWidget *parent = 0);

    ~Dialog();

private:

    Ui::Dialog *ui;

private:

    DBMoveToThread *work;

    DBMoveToThread *work1;

    DBMoveToThread *work2;

 private:

    void maincall();

};

#endif // DIALOG_H

Cpp文件：

#include "dialog.h"

#include "ui_dialog.h"

Dialog::Dialog(QWidget *parent) :

    QDialog(parent),

    ui(new Ui::Dialog)

{

    ui->setupUi(this);

    work=new DBMoveToThread;

    work1=new DBMoveToThread;

    work2=new DBMoveToThread;

    connect(ui->pushButton,SIGNAL(clicked()),work,SLOT(slotWork1()),Qt::QueuedConnection);

    connect(ui->pushButton_2,SIGNAL(clicked()),work1,SLOT(slotWork1()),Qt::QueuedConnection);

    connect(ui->pushButton_3,SIGNAL(clicked()),work2,SLOT(slotWork2()),Qt::QueuedConnection);

}

void Dialog::maincall()

{

    work->callWork();

}

Dialog::~Dialog()

{

    delete ui;

}