语法是有逻辑,有框架的,而语法的框架可以用一个公式来表达。
英语句子=主干+修饰成分
一.主干就是英语中五大句型(简单句),简单句就是只有一套主谓结构。
1.主谓(一个句子最不可或缺的两个部分):You jump;I jump.
2.主谓宾(宾语是主语动作的对象):I love him.
3.主谓宾(人)宾(物):please do me(人) a favor(物).(检验是双宾语的原则:两个宾语可以调换位置,增加相应介词 to/for please do a favor for me )
4.主谓宾补(补充说明宾语):I found the book easy(the book 是found 的对象,easy是用来修饰the book 的)(检验是宾补的原则:宾语和补语之间加一个系动词,可以构成语义通顺的句子 the book is easy)
5.主系表(说明主语的状态特点):She is pretty.
动词构成了一个句子的骨架结构
因为动词决定了一个句子是否有宾语,有几个宾语以及其他句子成分。
二.任何高阶复杂的句子都是从这五种简单句型演化而来。
定语——修饰限定名词
作者:英语老师Monica
链接:https://www.zhihu.com/question/30030877/answer/768501967
来源:知乎
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分别举例子:
形容词:She is a lovely girl. 她是一位可爱的女孩。
定语从句:New York is the place that he would like to visit. 纽约是他想去游览的地方。
介词短语:The girl in red is my sister. 穿红色那个女孩是我的妹妹。
非谓语动词:the girl standing there
the girl who is standing there. 站在那的女孩。
the building completed yesterday=the building that was completed yesterday.
昨天竣工的楼房
I have something to say
从上面非谓语例句可以看到 非谓语动词可以变成定语从句
状语——扩大句子,把句子变复杂,即所谓的长难句。
名词: come this way.
副词: speak politely.
介词短语:Can you say it in English.
状语从句:I enjoyed myself when I visited my friends in Shanghai last year.
非谓语动词:Having finished the homework, I went home.
Given more time, I could write the essay better.
To give the teacher a good impression, I decided to help her.
再讲一下英语中的黄金思维法则。