Kubernetes Pod垂直自动伸缩（VPA）

VPA 简介

VPA 全称 Vertical Pod Autoscaler，即垂直 Pod 自动扩缩容，它根据容器资源使用率自动设置 CPU 和 内存 的requests，从而允许在节点上进行适当的调度，以便为每个 Pod 提供适当的资源。
它既可以缩小过度请求资源的容器，也可以根据其使用情况随时提升资源不足的容量。
PS: VPA不会改变Pod的资源limits值。

废话不多说，直接上图，看VPA工作流程

接下来开始实战

部署metrics-server

1、下载部署清单文件

wget  https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/metrics-server/releases/download/v0.3.7/components.yaml

2、修改components.yaml文件

• 修改了镜像地址，gcr.io为我自己的仓库
• 修改了metrics-server启动参数args，要不然会报错unable to fully scrape metrics from source kubelet_summary...

- name: metrics-server
        image: scofield/metrics-server:v0.3.7
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        args:
          - --cert-dir=/tmp
          - --secure-port=4443
          - /metrics-server
          - --kubelet-insecure-tls
          - --kubelet-preferred-address-types=InternalIP

3、执行部署

kubectl  apply -f components.yaml

4、验证

[root@k8s-node001 metrics-server]# kubectl  get po -n kube-system
NAME                                       READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
metrics-server-7947cb98b6-xw6b8            1/1     Running   0          10m

能获取要top信息视为成功
[root@k8s-node001 metrics-server]# kubectl  top nodes
NAME          CPU(cores)   CPU%   MEMORY(bytes)   MEMORY%
k8s-node001   618m         7%       4796Mi           15%
k8s-node003   551m         6%       5522Mi           17%
k8s-node004   308m         3%       5830Mi           18%
k8s-node005   526m         6%       5997Mi           38%
k8s-node002   591m         7%       5306Mi           33%

部署vertical-pod-autoscaler

1、克隆autoscaler项目

git clone https://github.com/kubernetes/autoscaler.git

2、修改部署文件，将gcr仓库该为我自己的仓库

admission-controller-deployment.yaml
us.gcr.io/k8s-artifacts-prod/autoscaling/vpa-admission-controller:0.8.0
改为
scofield/vpa-admission-controller:0.8.0

recommender-deployment.yaml
us.gcr.io/k8s-artifacts-prod/autoscaling/vpa-recommender:0.8.0
改为
image: scofield/vpa-recommender:0.8.0

updater-deployment.yaml
us.gcr.io/k8s-artifacts-prod/autoscaling/vpa-updater:0.8.0
改为
scofield/vpa-updater:0.8.0

3、部署

[root@k8s-node001 vertical-pod-autoscaler]#  cd autoscaler/vertical-pod-autoscaler
[root@k8s-node001 vertical-pod-autoscaler]#  ./hack/vpa-up.sh
Warning: apiextensions.k8s.io/v1beta1 CustomResourceDefinition is deprecated in v1.16+, unavailable in v1.22+; use apiextensions.k8s.io/v1 CustomResourceDefinition
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/verticalpodautoscalers.autoscaling.k8s.io created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/verticalpodautoscalercheckpoints.autoscaling.k8s.io created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:metrics-reader created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:vpa-actor created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:vpa-checkpoint-actor created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:evictioner created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:metrics-reader created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:vpa-actor created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:vpa-checkpoint-actor created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:vpa-target-reader created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:vpa-target-reader-binding created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:vpa-evictionter-binding created
serviceaccount/vpa-admission-controller created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:vpa-admission-controller created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:vpa-admission-controller created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:vpa-status-reader created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:vpa-status-reader-binding created
serviceaccount/vpa-updater created
deployment.apps/vpa-updater created
serviceaccount/vpa-recommender created
deployment.apps/vpa-recommender created
Generating certs for the VPA Admission Controller in /tmp/vpa-certs.
Generating RSA private key, 20