C++ 读书笔记之 重载 Overloading

C++ allows you to specify more than one definition for a function name or an operator in the same scope, which is called function overloading and operator overloading respectively.

An overloaded declaration is a declaration that had been declared with the same name as a previously declared declaration in the same scope, except that both declarations have different arguments and obviously different definition (implementation).

When you call an overloaded function or operator, the compiler determines the most appropriate definition to use by comparing the argument types you used to call the function or operator with the parameter types specified in the definitions. The process of selecting the most appropriate overloaded function or operator is called overload resolution.

Function overloading in C++:

You can have multiple definitions for the same function name in the same scope. The definition of the function must differ from each other by the types and/or the number of arguments in the argument list. You can not overload function declarations that differ only by return type.

Following is the example where same function print() is being used to print different data types:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class printData
{
   public:
      void print(int i)
      {
        cout << "Printing int: " << i << endl;
      }

      void print(double  f)
      {
        cout << "Printing float: " << f << endl;
      }

      void print(char* c)
      {
        cout << "Printing character: " << c << endl;
      }
};

int main(void)
{
   printData pd;

   // Call print to print integer
   pd.print(2013);
   // Call print to print float
   pd.print(512.420);
   // Call print to print character
   pd.print("Hello overloading！");

   return 0;
}
/***************
运行结果：
Printing int: 2013
Printing float: 512.42
Printing character: Hello overloading！

Process returned 0 (0x0)   execution time : 1.062 s
Press any key to continue.

***************/