Implement an iterator over a binary search tree (BST). Your iterator will be initialized with the root node of a BST.
Calling next()
will return the next smallest number in the BST.
Note: next()
and hasNext()
should run in average O(1) time and uses O(h) memory, where h is the height of the tree.
Credits:
Special thanks to @ts for adding this problem and creating all test cases.
设计实现一个带有下列属性的二叉查找树的迭代器:
- 元素按照递增的顺序被访问(比如中序遍历)
next()
和hasNext()
的询问操作要求均摊时间复杂度是O(1)
为了记录这个过程,把从根节点道最左下方的节点之间的节点都压栈。
next返回的是stack栈定的元素,弹出最上面的元素后,还要看一下这个被返回的元素是否有右节点,
如果有,就把右节点及所有的左侧子节点都压入栈中。
/**
* Definition for binary tree
* public class TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode left;
* TreeNode right;
* TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
* }
*/
public class BSTIterator {
Stack<TreeNode> stack;
public BSTIterator(TreeNode root) {
stack = new Stack<TreeNode>();
while (root != null) {
stack.push(root);
root = root.left;
}
}
/** @return whether we have a next smallest number */
public boolean hasNext() {
return !stack.isEmpty();
}
/** @return the next smallest number */
public int next() {
TreeNode node = stack.pop();
int result = node.val;
if (node.right != null) {
node = node.right;
while(node != null){
stack.push(node);
node = node.left;
}
}
return result;
}
}
/**
* Your BSTIterator will be called like this:
* BSTIterator i = new BSTIterator(root);
* while (i.hasNext()) v[f()] = i.next();
*/