在调用动态库的时候,经常出现由于动态库接口修改或者版本不匹配导致调用动态库找不到函数接口符号的情况。
原因可能有如下几种:
1.由于c++动态库编译没有加extern c导致函数编译时加了c++的前缀的;
2.系统中有多个库,程序加载了其他路径的库;
3.库的版本不对,老版本的库确实没有新加的接口。
这个时候就可以用nm命令看so中是否有提示找不到的符号。
输入nm -h查看nm的选项如下:
用法:nm [选项] [文件]
列举 [文件] 中的符号 (默认为 a.out)。
The options are:
-a, --debug-syms Display debugger-only symbols
-A, --print-file-name Print name of the input file before every symbol
-B Same as --format=bsd
-C, --demangle[=STYLE] Decode low-level symbol names into user-level names
The STYLE, if specified, can be `auto' (the default),
`gnu', `lucid', `arm', `hp', `edg', `gnu-v3', `java'
or `gnat'
--no-demangle Do not demangle low-level symbol names
-D, --dynamic Display dynamic symbols instead of normal symbols
--defined-only Display only defined symbols
-e (ignored)
-f, --format=FORMAT Use the output format FORMAT. FORMAT can be `bsd',
`sysv' or `posix'. The default is `bsd'
-g, --extern-only Display only external symbols
-l, --line-numbers Use debugging information to find a filename and
line number for each symbol
-n, --numeric-sort Sort symbols numerically by address
-o Same as -A
-p, --no-sort Do not sort the symbols
-P, --portability Same as --format=posix
-r, --reverse-sort Reverse the sense of the sort
--plugin NAME Load the specified plugin
-S, --print-size Print size of defined symbols
-s, --print-armap Include index for symbols from archive members
--size-sort Sort symbols by size
--special-syms Include special symbols in the output
--synthetic Display synthetic symbols as well
-t, --radix=RADIX Use RADIX for printing symbol values
--target=BFDNAME Specify the target object format as BFDNAME
-u, --undefined-only Display only undefined symbols
-X 32_64 (ignored)
@FILE Read options from FILE
-h, --help Display this information
-V, --version Display this program's version number
nm:支持的目标: elf64-x86-64 elf32-i386 elf32-iamcu elf32-x86-64 a.out-i386-linux pei-i386 pei-x86-64 elf64-l1om elf64-k1om elf64-little elf64-big elf32-little elf32-big pe-x86-64 pe-bigobj-x86-64 pe-i386 plugin srec symbolsrec verilog tekhex binary ihex
将 bug 报告到 <http://www.sourceware.org/bugzilla/>。