numpy官方文档整理—数组操作例程（Array manipulation routines）

对应的官方链接 https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/routines.array-manipulation.html#basic-operations

1. Basic operations 基本操作

copyto(dst, src[, casting, where]) Copies values from one array to another, broadcasting as necessary.

2. Changing array shape 改变数组形状

reshape(a, newshape[, order]) Gives a new shape to an array without changing its data.
ravel(a[, order]) Return a contiguous flattened array.
ndarray.flat A 1-D iterator over the array.
ndarray.flatten([order]) Return a copy of the array collapsed into one dimension.

3. Transpose-like operations 转置类操作

moveaxis(a, source, destination) Move axes of an array to new positions.
rollaxis(a, axis[, start]) Roll the specified axis backwards, until it lies in a given position.
swapaxes(a, axis1, axis2) Interchange two axes of an array.
ndarray.T The transposed array.
transpose(a[, axes]) Permute the dimensions of an array.

4. Changing number of dimensions 改变维数

atleast_1d(*arys) Convert inputs to arrays with at least one dimension.
atleast_2d(*arys) View inputs as arrays with at least two dimensions.
atleast_3d(*arys) View inputs as arrays with at least three dimensions.
broadcast Produce an object that mimics broadcasting.
broadcast_to(array, shape[, subok]) Broadcast an array to a new shape.
broadcast_arrays(*args, **kwargs) Broadcast any number of arrays against each other.
expand_dims(a, axis) Expand the shape of an array.
squeeze(a[, axis]) Remove single-dimensional entries from the shape of an array.

5. Changing kind of array 改变矩阵的类型

asarray(a[, dtype, order]) Convert the input to an array.
asanyarray(a[, dtype, order]) Convert the input to an ndarray, but pass ndarray subclasses through.
asmatrix(data[, dtype]) Interpret the input as a matrix.
asfarray(a[, dtype]) Return an array converted to a float type.
asfortranarray(a[, dtype]) Return an array (ndim >= 1) laid out in Fortran order in memory.
ascontiguousarray(a[, dtype]) Return a contiguous array (ndim >= 1) in memory (C order).
asarray_chkfinite(a[, dtype, order]) Convert the input to an array, checking for NaNs or Infs.
asscalar(a) Convert an array of size 1 to its scalar equivalent.
require(a[, dtype, requirements]) Return an ndarray of the provided type that satisfies requirements.

6. Joining arrays 矩阵合并

操作	英文说明	中文说明	通俗说明
concatenate((a1, a2, …)[, axis, out])	Join a sequence of arrays along an existing axis.	沿着现有的轴加入一系列数组。
stack(arrays[, axis, out])	Join a sequence of arrays along a new axis.
column_stack(tup)	Stack 1-D arrays as columns into a 2-D array.
dstack(tup)	Stack arrays in sequence depth wise (along third axis).
hstack(tup)	Stack arrays in sequence horizontally (column wise).	水平（按列）顺序堆叠数组。	在左边或者右边添加矩阵
vstack(tup)	Stack arrays in sequence vertically (row wise).	垂直（按行）顺序堆叠数组。	在上边或者下边添加矩阵
block(arrays)	Assemble an nd-array from nested lists of blocks.

7. Splitting arrays 矩阵分割

split(ary, indices_or_sections[, axis]) Split an array into multiple sub-arrays.
array_split(ary, indices_or_sections[, axis]) Split an array into multiple sub-arrays.
dsplit(ary, indices_or_sections) Split array into multiple sub-arrays along the 3rd axis (depth).
hsplit(ary, indices_or_sections) Split an array into multiple sub-arrays horizontally (column-wise).
vsplit(ary, indices_or_sections) Split an array into multiple sub-arrays vertically (row-wise).

8. Tiling arrays 矩阵拓展（重复性地）

tile(A, reps) Construct an array by repeating A the number of times given by reps.
repeat(a, repeats[, axis]) Repeat elements of an array.

9. Adding and removing elements 增删元素

delete(arr, obj[, axis]) Return a new array with sub-arrays along an axis deleted.
insert(arr, obj, values[, axis]) Insert values along the given axis before the given indices.
append(arr, values[, axis]) Append values to the end of an array.
resize(a, new_shape) Return a new array with the specified shape.
trim_zeros(filt[, trim]) Trim the leading and/or trailing zeros from a 1-D array or sequence.
unique(ar[, return_index, return_inverse, …]) Find the unique elements of an array.

10. Rearranging elements 对元素进行重新排列

flip(m[, axis]) Reverse the order of elements in an array along the given axis.
fliplr(m) Flip array in the left/right direction.
flipud(m) Flip array in the up/down direction.
reshape(a, newshape[, order]) Gives a new shape to an array without changing its data.
roll(a, shift[, axis]) Roll array elements along a given axis.
rot90(m[, k, axes]) Rotate an array by 90 degrees in the plane specified by axes.