问题描述:
按以下的提示,由基类的设计和测试开始,逐渐地完成各个类的设计,求出圆格柱体的表面积、体积并输出并且完成要求的计算任务:
(1)先建立一个Point(点)类,包含数据成员x,y(坐标点),实现需要的成员函数,并设计main函数完成测试;
(2)以Point为基类,派生出一个Circle(圆)类,增加数据成员r(半径),以及求面积的成员函数area,实现其他需要的成员函数,设计main函数完成测试;
(3)再以Circle类为直接基类,派生出一个Cylinder(圆柱体)类,再增加数据成员h(高),,以及求圆柱表面积的成员函数area和求圆柱体积的成员函数volume,实现需要的成员函数,并设计main函数完成测试。
要求编写程序,设计出各类中“需要的成员函数”,包括构造函数、析构函数、修改数据成员和获取数据成员的公共接口、用于输出的重载运算符“<<”函数等。代码:
<strong><span style="font-size:18px;">#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Point
{
public:
Point(double a,double b):x(a),y(b){}
double get_x() {return x;}
double get_y() {return y;}
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream &,Point);
protected:
double x;
double y;
};
ostream& operator<<(ostream &out,Point p)
{
cout<<"("<<p.x<<","<<p.y<<")";
return out;
}
class Circle:public Point
{
public:
Circle(double a,double b,double c):Point(a,b),r(c){}
double get_r() {return r;}
double c_area();
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream &,Circle);
protected:
double r;
};
double Circle::c_area()
{
return 3.14*r*r;
}
ostream& operator<<(ostream &out,Circle c)
{
cout<<"center:"<<"("<<c.x<<","<<c.y<<")"<<'\n'<<"R="<<c.r<<endl;
cout<<"area="<<c.c_area();
return out;
}
class Cylinder:public Circle
{
public:
Cylinder(double a,double b,double c,double d):Circle(a,b,c),h(d){}
double get_h() {return h;}
double area();
double volume();
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream&,Cylinder);
private:
double h;
};
double Cylinder::area()
{
return (2*c_area()+2*r*3.14*h);
}
double Cylinder::volume()
{
return h*c_area();
}
ostream& operator<<(ostream &out,Cylinder c)
{
cout<<"center:"<<"("<<c.x<<","<<c.y<<")"<<'\n'<<"r="<<c.r<<'\n'<<"high="<<c.h;
cout<<'\n'<<"area="<<c.area()<<'\n'<<"volume="<<c.volume();
return out;
}
int main()
{
Cylinder c(2,5,4,3);
cout<<c;
return 0;
}
</span></strong>
运行结果: