Handler 更新UI

UI (User Interface)
当应用程序启动时,系统会为应用程序创建一个主线程(main)或者叫UI线程,主线程负责UI的创建,刷新
Activity中的控件的刷新由主线程负责,其它线程不能直接刷新
Message对象
Message用于存放消息,与Handler类配合使用

1.Handler 通过SendMessage更新UI

Handler对象通过在工作线程中发送消息,该消息发送至消息对列中,等待处理
在主线程中从消息对列中接收消息,根据消息的信息决定如何更新主线程中UI
sendMessage(Message msg);
从工作线程向主线程发送消息
handleMessage(Message msg);接收并处理从工作线程发送过来的消息对象

eg:
两个工作线程向主线程发送不同的消息,主线程接收消息并显示不同的处理
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener{
    private Button bt1;
    private Button bt2;
    private TextView tv;
    private Handler mHandler;

    public static final int BUTTON_ONE =1;
    public static final int BUTTON_TWO =2;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        bt1 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button1);
        bt2 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button2);
        tv  = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.textView);

        bt1.setOnClickListener(this);
        bt2.setOnClickListener(this);;
        //1)主线程中创建handler
        mHandler = new Handler(){
            @Override
            public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
                super.handleMessage(msg);
                switch (msg.what){
                    case BUTTON_ONE:
                        //显示收到的消息
                         tv.setText(msg.obj.toString());
                        break;
                    case BUTTON_TWO:
                        tv.setText(msg.obj.toString());
                        break;
                }
            }
        };
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View view) {
        switch (view.getId()){
            case R.id.button1:
                //2)创建工作线程处理其它的事件
                new Thread(){
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        super.run();
                        //do something
                        for(int i=0; i<10; i++) {
                            try {

                                Thread.sleep(100);
                            }catch (InterruptedException e){
                                e.printStackTrace();
                            }
                        }
                        //3)创建 Message对象
                        Message msg = new Message();
                        msg.what=BUTTON_ONE;
                        msg.obj ="hello this is thread 1";
                        mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
                    }
                }.start();

                break;
            case R.id.button2:
                new Thread(){
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        super.run();
                        for(int i=0; i<5;i++){
                            try {
                                Thread.sleep(1000);
                            }catch (InterruptedException e){
                                e.printStackTrace();
                            }
                        }
                        Message msg = new Message();
                        msg.what = BUTTON_TWO;
                        msg.obj = "hello this is thread work 2";
                        mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
                    }
                }.start();
                break;
        }
    }
}

2.Handler发送Runable对象更新UI

Handler.post()方法
Handler类中有一个方法post(Runnable r);
作用:将Runnable对象作为参数发送至消息对列中,由Looper交给主线程处理
Runnable.run中的代码可以在主线程中运行,在Runnable.run方法中可以编写
更新主线程UI的代码

       //在Runnable.run方法中更新UI
                new Thread(){
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        super.run();
                        //耗时操作
                        for(int i=0; i<5;i++){
                            try {
                                Thread.sleep(100);
                            }catch (InterruptedException e){
                                e.printStackTrace();
                            }
                        }
                        mHandler.post(new Runnable() {
                            @Override
                            public void run() {
                                tv.setText("I am mHandler.post update UI");
                            }
                        });
                    }
                }.start();

3.runOnUiThread()发送Runnable对象更新UI

Activity类提供了runOnUiThread方法,它封装了Handler.post方法,作用与Handler.post相同

new Thread(){
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        super.run();
                        //耗时操作
                        for(int i=0; i<6;i++){
                            try {
                                Thread.sleep(100);
                            }catch (InterruptedException e){
                                e.printStackTrace();
                            }
                        }

                        Runnable runnable = new Runnable() {
                            @Override
                            public void run() {
                                tv.setText("From RunOnUIthread");
                            }
                        };
                        runOnUiThread(runnable);
                    }
                }.start();