2、显然,Animal设计为抽象类更合适,Animal不需要能够实例化,是专门作基类使用的。改造程序,使Animal设计为抽象类,这时main()函数中p = new Animal();将出错,将此行删除。
代码:
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
class Animal
{
public:
virtual void cry()=0;
};
class Mouse: public Animal
{
private:
string name;
char sex;
public:
Mouse(string n,char s):name(n),sex(s) {}
virtual void cry()
{
cout<<"我叫"<<name<<",是一只";
if(sex=='m') cout<<"男";
else cout<<"女";
cout<<"老鼠,我的叫声是:吱吱吱!"<<endl;
}
};
class Cat: public Animal
{
private:
string name;
public:
Cat(string n):name(n) {}
virtual void cry()
{
cout<<"我叫"<<name<<",是一只猫,我的叫声是:喵喵喵!"<<endl;
}
};
class Dog: public Animal
{
private:
string name;
public:
Dog(string n):name(n) {}
virtual void cry()
{
cout<<"我叫"<<name<<",是一只狗,我的叫声是:汪汪汪!"<<endl;
}
};
class Giraffe: public Animal
{
private:
string name;
char sex;
public:
Giraffe(string n,char s):name(n),sex(s) {}
virtual void cry()
{
cout<<"我叫"<<name<<",是一只";
if(sex=='m') cout<<"男";
else cout<<"女";
cout<<"长颈鹿,我的脖子太长,发不出声音来!"<<endl;
}
};
int main()
{
Animal *p;
Mouse m1("Jerry",'m');
p=&m1;
p->cry();
Mouse m2("Jemmy",'f');
p=&m2;
p->cry();
Cat c1("Tom");
p=&c1;
p->cry();
Dog d1("Droopy");
p=&d1;
p->cry();
Giraffe g1("Gill",'m');
p=&g1;
p->cry();
return 0;
}
运行结果: