python面向对象实战应用：打飞机

用Python和Pygame写游戏-从入门到精通（1）

主要过程：

1. 搭建界面
2. 键盘检测
3. 显示控制飞机 过程
4. 显示控制飞机 对象
5. 玩家发射子弹
6. 优化代码
7. 敌人机器移动
8. 敌人机器发射子弹
9. 代码优化，抽象基类

各自类：

#coding=utf-8
import pygame
from pygame.locals import *
import time
import random

class HeroPlane(object):
    def __init__(self,screen):
        # 飞机默认位置
        self.x=230
        self.y=600
        # 设置要显示内容的窗口
        self.screen=screen
        # 保存飞机图片名字
        self.imageName='./plane/hero.gif'
        # 生成飞机
        self.image=pygame.image.load(self.imageName).convert()
        # 英雄飞机子弹存储
        self.bulletList=[]

    def display(self):
        self.screen.blit(self.image,(self.x,self.y))
        # 子弹显示
        needDelItemList = []
        for i in self.bulletList:
            if i.judge():
                needDelItemList.append(i)
        for i in needDelItemList:
            self.bulletList.remove(i)
                # 更新飞机子弹发射所有子弹位置
        for bullet in self.bulletList:
            bullet.display()
            bullet.move()
    def moveLedt(self):
        self.x -=10
    def moveRight(self):
        self.x +=10
    # 
    def sheBullet(self):
        newBullet = Bullet(self.x,self.y,self.screen)
        self.bulletList.append(newBullet)

class Bullet(object):
    """docx,y,screening for Bullet"""
    def __init__(self, x,y,screen):
        self.x = x+40
        self.y = y-20
        self.screen = screen
        self.image =pygame.image.load('./plane/bullet-3.gif').convert()
    def move(self):
        self.y -= 2
    def display(self):
        self.screen.blit(self.image,(self.x,self.y))
    def judge(self):
        if self.y<0:
            return True
        else:
            return False

class EnemyPlane(object):
    """docstring for EnemyPlane"""
    def __init__(self, screen):
        # 敌人飞机默认位置
        self.x = 0
        self.y = 0
        self.screen =screen
        self.imageName ='plane/enemy-1.gif'
        self.image = pygame.image.load(self.imageName).convert()
        # 敌人子弹列表
        self.bulletList = []
        # 敌机默认位置
        self.direction = 'right'
    def display(self):
        self.screen.blit(self.image,(self.x,self.y))
        needDelItemList = []
        for i in self.bulletList:
            if i.judge():
                needDelItemList.append(i)
        for i in needDelItemList:
            self.bulletList.remove(i)
        for bullet in self.bulletList:
            bullet.display()
            bullet.move()

    # 如果碰到了右边的边界，那么就往左走，如果碰到了左边的边界，那么就往右走
    def move(self):
        if self.direction == 'right':
            self.x += 2
        elif self.direction == 'left':
            self.x -= 2

        if self.x > 480-50:
            self.direction ='left'
        elif self.x < 0:
            self.direction = 'right'
    def sheBullet(self):
        num =random.randint(1,100)
        if num ==2:
            newBullet = EnemyBullet(self.x,self.y,self.screen)
            self.bulletList.append(newBullet)

class EnemyBullet(object):
    def __init__(self,x,y,screen):
        self.x = x+30
        self.y = y+30
        self.screen =screen
        self.image =pygame.image.load('./plane/bullet-1.gif').convert()
        
    def move(self):
        self.y +=2
    def display(self):
        self.screen.blit(self.image,(self.x,self.y))
    def judge(self):
        if self.y> 890:
            return True
        else:
            return False

# 搭建界面，窗口和背景图显示

if __name__=='__main__':
    #  建立窗口内容显示
    screen = pygame.display.set_mode((480,890),0,32)
    # 窗口背景
    background = pygame.image.load('./plane/background.png')
    # 创建飞机对象
    heroPlane = HeroPlane(screen)
    # 创建敌人飞机
    enemyPlane = EnemyPlane(screen)
    # 背景放入窗口

    while True:
        screen.blit(background,(0,0))
        # 屏幕显示飞机位置
        heroPlane.display()
        enemyPlane.move()
        enemyPlane.sheBullet()
        enemyPlane.display()
        # 按键检测
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == QUIT:
                print('exit')
                exit()
            elif event.type == KEYDOWN:

                if event.key == K_a or event.key == K_LEFT:
                    print('left')
                    # x +=5
                    heroPlane.moveLedt()
                elif event.key == K_d or event.key == K_RIGHT:
                    print('right')
                    # x -=5
                    heroPlane.moveRight()

                elif event.key ==K_SPACE:
                    print('space')
                    heroPlane.sheBullet()

        # 延时模块，降低while的循环时间
        time.sleep(0.01)
        # 更新屏幕
        pygame.display.update()

抽象出基类：

#coding=utf-8
import time
import random
import pygame
from pygame.locals import *

class Base(object):
    def __init__(self,screen,name):
        self.name = name
        #设置要显示内容的窗口
        self.screen = screen


class Plane(Base):
    def __init__(self,screen,name):
        super().__init__(screen,name)
        self.image = pygame.image.load(self.imageName).convert()
        #用来存储英雄飞机发射的所有子弹
        self.bulletList = []

    def display(self):
        #更新飞机的位置
        self.screen.blit(self.image,(self.x,self.y))
        #判断一下子弹的位置是否越界，如果是，那么就要删除这颗子弹
        #
        #这种方法会漏掉很多需要删除的数据
        # for i in self.bulletList:
        #     if i.y<0:
        #         self.bulletList.remove(i)
        #存放需要删除的对象信息
        needDelItemList = []
        for i in self.bulletList:
            if i.judge():
                needDelItemList.append(i)
        for i in needDelItemList:
            self.bulletList.remove(i)
        # del needDelItemList
        #更新及这架飞机发射出的所有子弹的位置
        for bullet in self.bulletList:
            bullet.display()
            bullet.move()

        #修改所有子弹的位置
        # for bullet in self.bulletList:
        #     bullet.y -= 2
    def sheBullet(self):
        newBullet = PublicBullet(self.x,self.y,self.screen,self.name)
        self.bulletList.append(newBullet)

class HeroPlane(Plane):

    def __init__(self,screen,name):
        #设置飞机默认的位置
        self.x = 230
        self.y = 600
        self.imageName = "./plane/hero.gif"
        super().__init__(screen,name)

    def moveLeft(self):
        self.x -= 10
    def moveRight(self):
        self.x += 10


class EnemyPlane(Plane):
    #重写父类的__init_-方法
    def __init__(self,screen,name):

        #设置飞机默认的位置
        self.x = 0
        self.y = 0
        self.imageName = "./plane/enemy-1.gif"

        #调用父类的__init__方法
        super().__init__(screen,name)

        self.direction = "right"

    def move(self):
        #如果碰到了右边的边界，那么就往左走，如果碰到了左边的边界，那么就往右走
        if self.direction == "right":
            self.x += 2
        elif self.direction == "left":
            self.x -= 2

        if self.x>480-50:
            self.direction = "left"
        elif self.x<0:
            self.direction = "right"

    def sheBullet(self):
        num = random.randint(1,100)
        if num == 88:
            super().sheBullet()

class PublicBullet(Base):
    def __init__(self,x,y,screen,planeName):

        super().__init__(screen,planeName)

        if self.name == "hero":
            self.x = x+40
            self.y = y-20
            imageName = "./plane/bullet-3.gif"

        elif self.name == "enemy":
            self.x = x+30
            self.y = y+30
            imageName = "./plane/bullet-1.gif"
        self.image = pygame.image.load(imageName).convert()
    def move(self):
        if self.name == "hero":
            self.y -= 2
        elif self.name == "enemy":
            self.y += 2

    def display(self):
        self.screen.blit(self.image,(self.x,self.y))

    def judge(self):
        if self.y>890 or self.y<0:
            return True
        else:
            return False

if __name__ == "__main__":

    #1. 创建一个窗口，用来显示内容
    screen = pygame.display.set_mode((480,890),0,32)

    #2. 创建一个和窗口大小的图片，用来充当背景
    background = pygame.image.load("./plane/background.png").convert()


    #3. 创建一个飞机对象
    heroPlane = HeroPlane(screen,"hero")

    #4. 创建一个敌人飞机
    enemyPlane = EnemyPlane(screen,"enemy")

    #3. 把背景图片放到窗口中显示
    while True:
        screen.blit(background,(0,0))

        heroPlane.display()

        enemyPlane.move()
        enemyPlane.sheBullet()
        enemyPlane.display()

        #判断是否是点击了退出按钮
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            # print(event.type)
            if event.type == QUIT:
                print("exit")
                exit()
            elif event.type == KEYDOWN:
                if event.key == K_a or event.key == K_LEFT:
                    print('left')
                    heroPlane.moveLeft()
                    #控制飞机让其向左移动
                elif event.key == K_d or event.key == K_RIGHT:
                    print('right')
                    heroPlane.moveRight()
                elif event.key == K_SPACE:
                    print("space")
                    heroPlane.sheBullet()

        time.sleep(0.01)

        pygame.display.update()