JavaWeb生成图片验证码

做一个登录页面，添加图片验证码，需要页面，Action跳转，struts.xml传输图像数据，随机生成字符的类，还有使用随机字符生成图片的类。

剩下就是页面登录时，生成图片，数据校验进行匹配了。

ValidateCode.java

import java.util.Arrays;

/**
 * 工具类，生成随机验证码字符串
 * @version 1.0 2012/08/21
 * @author 
 *
 */
public class ValidateCode {
    
    /**
     * 验证码难度级别，Simple只包含数字，Medium包含数字和小写英文，Hard包含数字和大小写英文
     */
    public enum SecurityCodeLevel {Simple,Medium,Hard};
    
    /**
     * 产生默认验证码，4位中等难度
     * @return  String 验证码
     */
    public static String getSecurityCode(){
        return getSecurityCode(4,SecurityCodeLevel.Medium,false);
    }
    
    /**
     * 产生长度和难度任意的验证码
     * @param length  长度
     * @param level   难度级别
     * @param isCanRepeat  是否能够出现重复的字符，如果为true，则可能出现 5578这样包含两个5,如果为false，则不可能出现这种情况
     * @return  String 验证码
     */
    public static String getSecurityCode(int length,SecurityCodeLevel level,boolean isCanRepeat){
        
        //随机抽取len个字符
        int len=length;
        
        //字符集合(除去易混淆的数字0、数字1、字母l、字母o、字母O)
        char[] codes={'1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9',
                      'a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h','i',
                      'j','k','m','n','p','q','r','s','t',
                      'u','v','w','x','y','z','A','B','C',
                      'D','E','F','G','H','I','J','K','L',
                      'M','N','P','Q','R','S','T','U','V',
                      'W','X','Y','Z'};
        
        //根据不同的难度截取字符数组
        if(level==SecurityCodeLevel.Simple){
            codes=Arrays.copyOfRange(codes, 0,9);
        }else if(level==SecurityCodeLevel.Medium){
            codes=Arrays.copyOfRange(codes, 0,33);
        }
        
        //字符集合长度
        int n=codes.length;
        
        //抛出运行时异常
        if(len>n&&isCanRepeat==false){
            throw new RuntimeException(
                    String.format("调用SecurityCode.getSecurityCode(%1$s,%2$s,%3$s)出现异常，" +
                                   "当isCanRepeat为%3$s时，传入参数%1$s不能大于%4$s",
                                   len,level,isCanRepeat,n));
        }
        
        //存放抽取出来的字符
        char[] result=new char[len];
        
        //判断能否出现重复的字符
        if(isCanRepeat){
            for(int i=0;i<result.length;i++){
                //索引 0 and n-1
                int r=(int)(Math.random()*n);
            
                //将result中的第i个元素设置为codes[r]存放的数值
                result[i]=codes[r];
            }
        }else{
            for(int i=0;i<result.length;i++){
                //索引 0 and n-1
                int r=(int)(Math.random()*n);
                
                //将result中的第i个元素设置为codes[r]存放的数值
                result[i]=codes[r];
                
                //必须确保不会再次抽取到那个字符，因为所有抽取的字符必须不相同。
                //因此，这里用数组中的最后一个字符改写codes[r]，并将n减1
                codes[r]=codes[n-1];
                n--;
            }
        }
        
        return String.valueOf(result);
    }
}

ValidateImg.java

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;
import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.ImageFormatException;
import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGCodec;
import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGImageEncoder;

/**
 * 工具类，生成验证码图片
 * @version 1.0 2012/08/21
 * @author 
 *
 */
public class ValidateImage {
    
    /**
     * 生成验证码图片
     * @param securityCode   验证码字符
     * @return  BufferedImage  图片
     */
    public static BufferedImage createImage(String securityCode){
        
        //验证码长度
        int codeLength=securityCode.length();
        //字体大小
        int fSize = 15;
        int fWidth = fSize + 1;
        //图片宽度
        int width = codeLength * fWidth + 6 ;
        //图片高度
        int height = fSize * 2 + 1;
        
        //图片
        BufferedImage image=new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        Graphics g=image.createGraphics();
        
        //设置背景色
        g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
        //填充背景
        g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
        
        //设置边框颜色
        g.setColor(Color.LIGHT_GRAY);
        //边框字体样式
        g.setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.BOLD, height - 2));
        //绘制边框
        g.drawRect(0, 0, width - 1, height -1);
        
        
        //绘制噪点
        Random rand = new Random();
        //设置噪点颜色
        g.setColor(Color.LIGHT_GRAY);
        for(int i = 0;i < codeLength * 6;i++){
            int x = rand.nextInt(width);
            int y = rand.nextInt(height);
            //绘制1*1大小的矩形
            g.drawRect(x, y, 1, 1);
        }
        
        //绘制验证码
        int codeY = height - 10;  
        //设置字体颜色和样式
        g.setColor(new Color(19,148,246));
        g.setFont(new Font("Georgia", Font.BOLD, fSize));
        for(int i = 0; i < codeLength;i++){
            g.drawString(String.valueOf(securityCode.charAt(i)), i * 16 + 5, codeY);
        }
        //关闭资源
        g.dispose();
        
        return image;
    }
    
    /**
     * 返回验证码图片的流格式
     * @param securityCode  验证码
     * @return ByteArrayInputStream 图片流
     */
    public static ByteArrayInputStream getImageAsInputStream(String securityCode){
        
        BufferedImage image = createImage(securityCode);
        return convertImageToStream(image);
    }
    
    /**
     * 将BufferedImage转换成ByteArrayInputStream
     * @param image  图片
     * @return ByteArrayInputStream 流
     */
    private static ByteArrayInputStream convertImageToStream(BufferedImage image){
        
        ByteArrayInputStream inputStream = null;
        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        JPEGImageEncoder jpeg = JPEGCodec.createJPEGEncoder(bos);
        try {
            jpeg.encode(image);
            byte[] bts = bos.toByteArray();
            inputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(bts);
        } catch (ImageFormatException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return inputStream;
    }
}

ValidateAction.action

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.SessionAware;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class ValidAction extends ActionSupport implements SessionAware{

	//Struts2中Map类型的session
	private Map<String, Object> session;
	//图片流
	private ByteArrayInputStream imageStream;
	
	public String valid(){
		
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>//如果开启Hard模式，可以不区分大小写
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>// String securityCode = ValidateCode.getSecurityCode(4,SecurityCodeLevel.Hard, false).toLowerCase();
      
      //获取默认难度和长度的验证码
      String securityCode = ValidateCode.getSecurityCode();
      imageStream = ValidateImg.getImageAsInputStream(securityCode);
      //放入session中
      session.put("SESSION_SECURITY_CODE", securityCode);
      return SUCCESS;
	}
	
	public void setSession(Map<String, Object> session) {
		this.session = session;
		
	}
	public ByteArrayInputStream getImageStream() {
		return imageStream;
	}
	public void setImageStream(ByteArrayInputStream imageStream) {
		this.imageStream = imageStream;
	}
	public Map<String, Object> getSession() {
		return session;
	}

}

struts.xml

<action name="valid" class="com.web.action.ValidAction" method="valid">
		<result name="success" type="stream">
	            <param name="contentType">image/jpeg</param>
	            <param name="inputName">imageStream</param>
	            <param name="bufferSize">2048</param>
        	</result>
</action>

login.jsp

<pre name="code" class="html"><script language="JavaScript" type="text/JavaScript">

function changeImage(){
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>var rom = parseInt(100000000000*Math.random());
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>document.getElementById("imageValid").src="<%=basePath%>valid.action?timeStamp="+rom;
}
window.οnlοad=function(){
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>var rom = parseInt(100000000000*Math.random());
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>document.getElementById("userName").focus();
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>document.getElementById("imageValid").src="<%=basePath%>valid.action?timeStamp="+rom;
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>$("#fbl").val(document.documentElement.clientHeight);


}

</script>

<input  name="valid" id="validNum" maxlength="4" class="loginImgNum"/><span> <img src="" width=55 height="37px" style="vertical-align:bottom;border:0px;"  id="imageValid" οnclick="changeImage()"/></span>