python-relativedelta-计算上周五的日期

3.13 通过上一章datetime模块介绍，如果我们想要计算上周的某一天是几月几号，可以使用如下通用解决办法

>>> from datetime import datetime,timedelta
>>> weekdays=['Monday','Tuesday','Wednesday','Thursday','Friaday','Saturday','Sunday']
>>>
>>>
>>> def get_p_by_day(dayname,start_date=None):
...     if start_date is None:
...         start_date = datetime.today()
...     dn = start_date.weekday()
...     dnt = weekdays.index(dayname)
...     da = (7 + dn-dnt) %7
...     if da == 0:
...         da=7
...     td =start_date -timedelta(days=da)
...     return td
...
>>> datetime.today()

• 函数执行结果

>>> datetime.today()
datetime.datetime(2022, 5, 12, 23, 14, 43, 70577)
>>> get_p_by_day('Monday')
datetime.datetime(2022, 5, 9, 23, 15, 48, 693737)
>>> get_p_by_day('Tuesday')
datetime.datetime(2022, 5, 10, 23, 16, 31, 550956)
>>>

• 可定义某一天的上周是几月几号

>>> get_p_by_day('Tuesday',datetime(2021,12,12))
datetime.datetime(2021, 12, 7, 0, 0)
>>>

• 如果有大量的类似日期计算可以使用python-dateutil包中的relativedelta函数

>>> from datetime import datetime
>>> from dateutil.relativedelta import relativedelta
>>> from dateutil.rrule import *
>>> d =datetime.now()
>>> print(d)
2022-05-12 23:21:28.272325
>>> print(d+relativedelta(weekday=FR))
2022-05-13 23:21:28.272325
>>> print(d+relativedelta(weekday=SU))
2022-05-15 23:21:28.272325
>>> print(d+relativedelta(weekday=SU(-1)))
2022-05-08 23:21:28.272325
>>> print(d+relativedelta(weekday=SU(-2)))
2022-05-01 23:21:28.272325
>>> print(d+relativedelta(weekday=FR(2)))
2022-05-20 23:21:28.272325
>>> print(d+relativedelta(weekday=FR(5)))
2022-06-10 23:21:28.272325
>>>