c++链表std::list

Lists are sequence containers that allow constant time insert and erase operations.
比起其他序列容器，例如：array、vector、deque等，list的优点是能在容器内的任意位置插入、取出、移动元素。list主要的缺点是缺少直接通往元素位置的接口。(The main drawback of list and forward_list is that they lack direct access to the elements by their position)
1、构造函数（constructor）：
(1) empty container constructor
(2) fill constructor
(3) range
(4) copy