java类初始化的顺序

执行顺序为

1. 父类静态初始化块和父类静态成员变量
2. 子类静态初始化块和子类静态成员变量
3. 父类初始化块和父类成员变量
4. 父类构造方法
5. 子类初始化块和子类成员变量
6. 子类构造方法

创建一个父类

public class SuperInitial {

    private int a = 1;
    private static int b = 2;
    public SuperInitial() {
        System.out.println("super");
        sayHello();
    }

    {
        System.out.println("super block");
        System.out.println("a:" + a);
        sayHello();
    }

    static {
        System.out.println("super static block");
        System.out.println("b:" + b);
    }

    public void sayHello() {
        System.out.println("super say hello!");
    }
}

创建一个子类

public class Initial extends SuperInitial {

    private int c = 3;
    private static int d = 4;

    public Initial() {
        System.out.println("initial");
        sayHello();
    }

    {
        System.out.println("initial block");
        System.out.println("c:" + c);
    }

    static {
        System.out.println("initial static block");
        System.out.println("d:" + d);
    }

    @Override
    public void sayHello() {
        System.out.println("say hello!, " + this.c);
    }

}

打印结果如下

super static block
b:2
initial static block
d:4
super block
a:1
say hello!, 0
super
say hello!, 0
initial block
c:3
initial
say hello!, 3

在父类中调用方法sayHello方法，该方法已被子类方法覆盖，此时子类变量已存在，默认初始化值