在定位元素时,我们经常用到四个属性display
、position
、float
和偏移属性top right bottom left
等。但不是在每个元素上都可以同时应用这四个属性,一些特殊的值组合会覆盖其他属性的应用,这些组合有:
display: none
position: absolute
或position: fixed
float: left
或float: right
position: static
接下来,我们就一起来研究这些组合之间如何相互作用。
2.1 DISPLAY: NONE
当display
设置成none时,其它定位属性统统失效,因为没有产生盒模型(the box model)。
<code class="language-css hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.foo</span> <span class="hljs-rules" style="box-sizing: border-box;">{ <span class="hljs-rule" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">display</span>:<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 102, 102);"> none</span></span>; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/* None of these apply,以下这些将不会应用 */</span> <span class="hljs-rule" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">position</span>:<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 102, 102);"> absolute</span></span>; <span class="hljs-rule" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">float</span>:<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 102, 102);"> left</span></span>; <span class="hljs-rule" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">top</span>:<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 102, 102);"> <span class="hljs-number" style="box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>px</span></span>; <span class="hljs-rule" style="box-sizing: border-box;">}</span></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li></ul>
2.2 POSITION: ABSOLUTE (OR FIXED)
如果将position
属性设置为absolute
或fixed
时,将会产生以下作用:
Float
对float
属性设置的任何值都会被覆盖,float
属性的计算值(the computed value)自动设置为none
。
<code class="language-css hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.foo</span> <span class="hljs-rules" style="box-sizing: border-box;">{ <span class="hljs-rule" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">position</span>:<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 102, 102);"> absolute</span></span>; <span class="hljs-rule" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">float</span>:<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 102, 102);"> left</span></span>; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/* 被忽略, 计算值为none */</span> <span class="hljs-rule" style="box-sizing: border-box;">}</span></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: s