windows下Qt5.15.2源码编译

系统：
1，windows11 64位

编译依赖项：
1，Python 2.7.10
2，perl 5.32.1
3，ruby 3.2.2

在官网下载最新安装包，直接安装，安装时自动将安装路径添加到系统环境变量，

特别注意：安装路径不要包含空格或中文：比如这种“C:\Program Files (x86)”， “C:\Program
Files”，因为在编译时可能因为这个问题报错。

Qt源码：
1，qt-everywhere-src-5.15.2

这里源码不推荐官网下载，因为后面编译时可能会发现缺少东西，推荐直接使用国内的镜像下载：清华大学镜像

编译：
首先在仓库上级目录新建bat文件，写入以下内容：

@echo off

call "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Enterprise\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvars64.bat"

pushd qt5

configure -prefix F:\qt\qt5\install -opensource -confirm-license -qt-sqlite -qt-pcre -qt-zlib -qt-libpng -qt-libjpeg -qt-freetype -qt-harfbuzz -opengl dynamic -skip qtwebengine -nomake tests -nomake examples -mp -release -optimize-size -strip 

说明一下，这句是引用VS编译器相关环境变量的，需要跟实际安装路径一致：

call "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Enterprise\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvars64.bat"

然后就是configure命令了，可以通过 configure -h查看详细的使用说明。
这里贴一个全的文本：

• cd qtbase
• F:\qt\qt5\qtbase\configure.bat -top-level -h Usage: configure [options] [assignments]

Configure understands variable assignments like VAR=value on the
command line. Each uppercased library name (obtainable with
-list-libraries) supports the suffixes _INCDIR, _LIBDIR, _PREFIX (INCDIR=PREFIX/include, LIBDIR=PREFIX/lib),
_LIBS, and - on Windows and Darwin - _LIBS_DEBUG and _LIBS_RELEASE. E.g., ICU_PREFIX=/opt/icu42 ICU_LIBS=“-licui18n -licuuc -licudata”.

It is also possible to manipulate any QMAKE_* variable, to amend the
values from the mkspec for the build of Qt itself, e.g.,
QMAKE_CXXFLAGS+=-g3.

Note that the _LIBS and QMAKE_* assignments manipulate lists, so
items containing meta characters (spaces in particular) need to be
quoted according to qmake rules. On top of that, the assignments as a
whole need to be quoted according to shell rules. It is recommended to
use single quotes for the inner quoting and double quotes for the
outer quoting.

Top-level installation directories: -prefix

… The
deployment directory, as seen on the target device.
[/usr/local/Qt-$QT_VERSION; qtbase build directory if
-developer-build] -extprefix … The installation directory, as seen on the host machine.
[SYSROOT/PREFIX] -hostprefix [dir] … The installation directory for build tools running on
the host machine. If [dir] is not given, the current
build directory will be used. [EXTPREFIX] -external-hostbindir … Path to Qt tools built for this machine.
Use this when -platform does not match the current
system, i.e., to make a Canadian Cross Build.

Fine tuning of installation directory layout. Note that all
directories except -sysconfdir should be located under
-prefix/-hostprefix:

-bindir

… Executables [PREFIX/bin] -headerdir
… Header files [PREFIX/include] -libdir …
Libraries [PREFIX/lib] -archdatadir … Arch-dependent data
[PREFIX] -plugindir … Plugins [ARCHDATADIR/plugins]
-libexecdir … Helper programs [ARCHDATADIR/bin on Windows,
ARCHDATADIR/libexec otherwise] -importdir … QML1 imports [ARCHDATADIR/imports] -qmldir
… QML2 imports [ARCHDATADIR/qml] -datadir …
Arch-independent data [PREFIX] -docdir … Documentation
[DATADIR/doc] -translationdir . Translations
[DATADIR/translations] -sysconfdir … Settings used by Qt
programs [PREFIX/etc/xdg] -examplesdir … Examples
[PREFIX/examples] -testsdir … Tests [PREFIX/tests]

-hostbindir

… Host executables [HOSTPREFIX/bin]
-hostlibdir … Host libraries [HOSTPREFIX/lib] -hostdatadir … Data used by qmake [HOSTPREFIX]

Conventions for the remaining options: When an option’s description is
followed by a list of values in brackets, the interpretation is as
follows: ‘yes’ represents the bare option; all other values are
possible prefixes to the option, e.g., -no-gui. Alternatively, the
value can be assigned, e.g.,
–gui=yes. Values are listed in the order they are tried if not specified; ‘auto’ is a shorthand for ‘yes/no’. Solitary ‘yes’ and ‘no’
represent binary options without auto-detection.

Configure meta:

-help, -h … Display this help screen -verbose, -v
… Print verbose messages during configuration -continue
… Continue configure despite errors -redo
… Re-configure with previously used options.
Additional options may be passed, but will not be
saved for later use by -redo. -recheck [test,…] … Discard cached negative configure test results.
Use this after installing missing dependencies.
Alternatively, if tests are specified, only their
results are discarded. -recheck-all … Discard all cached configure test results.

-feature- … Enable -no-feature-
Disable [none] -list-features … List available
features. Note that some features
have dedicated command line options as well.

-list-libraries … List possible external dependencies.

Build options:

-opensource … Build the Open-Source Edition of Qt
-commercial … Build the Commercial Edition of Qt -confirm-license … Automatically acknowledge the license

-release … Build Qt with debugging turned off [yes]
-debug … Build Qt with debugging turned on [no] -debug-and-release … Build two versions of Qt, with and without
debugging turned on [yes] (Apple and Windows only) -optimize-debug … Enable debug-friendly optimizations in
debug builds
[auto] (Not supported with MSVC or Clang toolchains) -optimize-size … Optimize release builds for size
instead of speed [no] -optimized-tools … Build optimized host
tools even in debug build [no] -force-debug-info … Create symbol
files for release builds [no] -separate-debug-info . Split off debug
information to separate files [no] -gdb-index … Index the
debug info to speed up GDB
[no; auto if -developer-build with debug info] -strip … Strip release binaries of unneeded
symbols [yes] -gc-binaries … Place each function or data
item into its own section
and enable linker garbage collection of unused
sections. [auto for static builds, otherwise no] -force-asserts … Enable Q_ASSERT even in release builds
[no] -developer-build … Compile and link Qt for developing Qt
itself
(exports for auto-tests, extra checks, etc.) [no]

-shared … Build shared Qt libraries [yes] (no for
UIKit) -static … Build static Qt libraries [no] (yes
for UIKit) -framework … Build Qt framework bundles [yes]
(Apple only)

-platform … Select host mkspec [detected] -xplatform
… Select target mkspec when cross-compiling [PLATFORM]
-device … Cross-compile for device -device-option <key=value> … Add option for the device mkspec

-appstore-compliant … Disable code that is not allowed in platform
app stores.
This is on by default for platforms which require distribution
through an app store by default, in particular Android,
iOS, tvOS, watchOS, and Universal Windows Platform. [auto]

-qtnamespace … Wrap all Qt library code in ‘namespace
{…}’. -qtlibinfix … Rename all libQt5*.so to
libQt5*.so. -qtlibinfix-plugins … Rename Qt plugins
according to -qtlibinfix [no]

-testcocoon … Instrument with the TestCocoon code coverage
tool [no] -gcov … Instrument with the GCov code
coverage tool [no]

-trace [backend] … Enable instrumentation with tracepoints.
Currently supported backends are ‘etw’ (Windows) and
‘lttng’ (Linux), or ‘yes’ for auto-detection. [no]

-sanitize {address|thread|memory|fuzzer-no-link|undefined}
Instrument with the specified compiler sanitizer.
Note that some sanitizers cannot be combined;
for example, -sanitize address cannot be combined with
-sanitize thread.

-coverage {trace-pc-guard|source-based}
Specify the ‘trace-pc-guard’ coverage instrumentation for
sanitizers or generate instrumented code to collect execution
counts and enable code coverage analysis, respectively. (Clang only)

-c++std … Select C++ standard
[c++2a/c++17/c++14/c++11]
(Not supported with MSVC 2015)

-sse2 … Use SSE2 instructions [auto]
-sse3/-ssse3/-sse4.1/-sse4.2/-avx/-avx2/-avx512
Enable use of particular x86 instructions [auto]
Enabled ones are still subject to runtime detection. -mips_dsp/-mips_dspr2 Use MIPS DSP/rev2 instructions
[auto]

-qreal … typedef qreal to the specified type. [double]
Note: this affects binary compatibility.

-R … Add an explicit runtime library path to the
Qt
libraries. Supports paths relative to LIBDIR. -rpath … Link Qt libraries and executables using the library
install path as a runtime library path. Similar to
-R LIBDIR. On Apple platforms, disabling this implies
using absolute install names (based in LIBDIR) for
dynamic libraries and frameworks. [auto]

-reduce-exports … Reduce amount of exported symbols [auto]
-reduce-relocations … Reduce amount of relocations [auto] (Unix only)

-plugin-manifests … Embed manifests into plugins [no] (Windows
only) -static-runtime … With -static, use static runtime [no]
(Windows only)

-pch … Use precompiled headers [auto] -ltcg
… Use Link Time Code Generation [no] -linker
[bfd,gold,lld] Force use of the GNU ld, GNU gold or LLVM/LLD linker
instead of default one (GCC only) -incredibuild-xge … Use the IncrediBuild XGE [no] (Windows only) -ccache … Use the ccache compiler cache [no] (Unix only) -make-tool … Use to build qmake [nmake] (Windows only) -mp … Use multiple processors for compilation
(MSVC only)

-warnings-are-errors . Treat warnings as errors [no; yes if
-developer-build] -silent … Reduce the build output so that warnings and errors
can be seen more easily

Build environment:

-sysroot

… Set as the target sysroot
-gcc-sysroot … With -sysroot, pass --sysroot to the compiler [yes]

-pkg-config … Use pkg-config [auto] (Unix only)

-D … Pass additional preprocessor define -I
… Pass additional include path -L
… Pass additional library path -F … Pass
additional framework path (Apple only)

-sdk … Build Qt using Apple provided SDK . The
argument
should be one of the available SDKs as listed by
‘xcodebuild -showsdks’.
Note that the argument applies only to Qt libraries
and applications built using the target mkspec - not
host tools such as qmake, moc, rcc, etc.

-android-sdk path … Set Android SDK root path [$ANDROI{D}_{S}D{K}_{R}OOT]-android-ndkpath....SetAndroidNDKrootpath[$ANDROID_NDK_ROOT] -android-ndk-platform Set Android platform -android-ndk-host … Set Android NDK host (linux-x86, linux-x86_64, etc.)
[$ANDROID_NDK_HOST] -android-abis … Comma separated Android abis, default is:
armeabi-v7a,arm64-v8a,x86,x86_64 -android-javac-target Set the javac build target version [7] -android-javac-source Set the javac build source version [7] -android-style-assets Automatically extract style assets from the device at
run time. This option makes the Android style behave
correctly, but also makes the Android platform plugin
incompatible with the LGPL2.1. [yes]

Component selection:

-skip … Exclude an entire repository from the build.
-make … Add to the list of parts to be built.
Specifying this option clears the default list first.
[libs and examples, also tools if not cross-building,
also tests if -developer-build] -nomake … Exclude from the list of parts to be built.
-compile-examples … When unset, install only the sources of examples
[no on WebAssembly, otherwise yes] -gui … Build the Qt GUI module and dependencies [yes]
-widgets … Build the Qt Widgets module and dependencies [yes] -no-dbus … Do not build the Qt D-Bus module
[default on Android and Windows] -dbus-linked … Build Qt D-Bus and link to libdbus-1 [auto] -dbus-runtime … Build Qt D-Bus and dynamically load libdbus-1 [no] -accessibility … Enable accessibility support [yes]
Note: Disabling accessibility is not recommended.

Qt comes with bundled copies of some 3rd party libraries. These are
used by default if auto-detection of the respective system library
fails.

Core options:

-doubleconversion … Select used double conversion library
[system/qt/no]
No implies use of sscanf_l and snprintf_l (imprecise). -glib … Enable Glib support [no; auto on
Unix] -eventfd … Enable eventfd support -inotify
… Enable inotify support -iconv … Enable
iconv(3) support [posix/sun/gnu/no] (Unix only) -icu
… Enable ICU support [auto] -pcre …
Select used libpcre2 [system/qt/no] -pps … Enable
PPS support [auto] (QNX only) -zlib … Select used
zlib [system/qt]

Logging backends:
-journald … Enable journald support [no] (Unix only)
-syslog … Enable syslog support [no] (Unix only)
-slog2 … Enable slog2 support [auto] (QNX only)

Network options:

-ssl … Enable either SSL support method [auto]
-no-openssl … Do not use OpenSSL [default on Apple and WinRT] -openssl-linked … Use OpenSSL and link to libssl [no] -openssl-runtime … Use OpenSSL and dynamically load libssl [auto] -schannel … Use Secure Channel [no] (Windows only) -securetransport … Use SecureTransport [auto] (Apple only)

-sctp … Enable SCTP support [no]

-libproxy … Enable use of libproxy [no] -system-proxies
… Use system network proxies by default [yes]

Gui, printing, widget options:

-cups … Enable CUPS support [auto] (Unix only)

-fontconfig … Enable Fontconfig support [auto] (Unix only)
-freetype … Select used FreeType [system/qt/no] -harfbuzz … Select used HarfBuzz-NG [system/qt/no]
(Not auto-detected on Apple and Windows)

-gtk … Enable GTK platform theme support [auto]

-lgmon … Enable lgmon support [auto] (QNX only)

-no-opengl … Disable OpenGL support -opengl
… Enable OpenGL support. Supported APIs:
es2 (default on Windows), desktop (default on Unix),
dynamic (Windows only) -opengles3 … Enable OpenGL ES 3.x support instead of ES 2.x [auto]
-egl … Enable EGL support [auto] -angle … Use bundled ANGLE to support OpenGL ES 2.0 [auto]
(Windows only) -combined-angle-lib … Merge LibEGL and LibGLESv2 into LibANGLE (Windows only)

-qpa … Select default QPA backend(s) (e.g., xcb,
cocoa, windows)
A prioritized list separated by semi-colons. -xcb-xlib… Enable Xcb-Xlib support [auto]

Platform backends:
-direct2d … Enable Direct2D support [auto] (Windows only)
-directfb … Enable DirectFB support [no] (Unix only)
-eglfs … Enable EGLFS support [auto; no on Android and Windows]
-gbm … Enable backends for GBM [auto] (Linux only)
-kms … Enable backends for KMS [auto] (Linux only)
-linuxfb … Enable Linux Framebuffer support [auto] (Linux only)
-xcb … Enable X11 support [auto] (Linux only)

Input backends:
-libudev… Enable udev support [auto]
-evdev … Enable evdev support [auto]
-imf … Enable IMF support [auto] (QNX only)
-libinput … Enable libinput support [auto]
-mtdev … Enable mtdev support [auto]
-tslib … Enable tslib support [auto]
-bundled-xcb-xinput Use bundled XInput2 support [auto]
-xkbcommon … Enable key mapping support [auto]

Image formats:
-gif … Enable reading support for GIF [auto]
-ico … Enable support for ICO [yes]
-libpng … Select used libpng [system/qt/no]
-libjpeg … Select used libjpeg [system/qt/no]

Database options:

-sql- … Enable SQL plugin. Supported
drivers:
db2 ibase mysql oci odbc psql sqlite2 sqlite tds
[all auto] -sqlite … Select used sqlite3 [system/qt]

Further image format options:

-jasper … Enable JPEG-2000 support using the JasPer
library [no] -mng … Enable MNG support [no] -tiff
… Enable TIFF support [system/qt/no] -webp
… Enable WEBP support [system/qt/no]

Multimedia options:

-pulseaudio … Enable PulseAudio support [auto] (Unix only)
-alsa … Enable ALSA support [auto] (Unix only) -no-gstreamer … Disable support for GStreamer -gstreamer [version] . Enable GStreamer support [auto]
With no parameter, 1.0 is tried first, then 0.10. -evr … Enables EVR in DirectShow and WMF [auto]

这是我的configure配置项

configure -prefix F:\qt\qt5\install -opensource -confirm-license
-qt-sqlite -qt-pcre -qt-zlib -qt-libpng -qt-libjpeg -qt-freetype -qt-harfbuzz -opengl dynamic -skip qtwebengine -nomake tests -nomake examples -mp -release -optimize-size -strip

说下每个参数意义：
prefix 后面跟的地址，是用来安装的路径，后面执行nmake install时才有用。

-opensource 是使用开源协议

-confirm-license 是自动确认协议 （configure过程中关于协议的询问，自动填入上面的opensource）

中间是指定了一些库

-opengl dynamic 指定opengl库的使用方式为动态

-skip qtwebengine 跳过了webengine模块

-nomake tests -nomake examples 这两个跳过了tests和examples模块

-mp 是多进程编译

-release 是只编译release模式

-optimize-size 和-strip 优化、裁剪生成的文件尺寸

准备好脚本后，在脚本所在文件夹启动cmd，运行脚本

第一次运行时，configure过程中会编译并生成qmake，大约几分钟就好了

像上面这样，运行成功，没有ERROR 信息，就说明configure成功了。

如果有错误，需要按实际情况进行调整了。（可能是配置项写错了，可能是编译环境不正确，也可能是代码有问题，具体问题具体分析吧）

接下来输入：

nmake 

就开始漫长的编译过程了

编译成功之后，再输入

nmake install

就可以把编译成功的文件都安装到prefix指定的路径了。

参考：https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/394306561