剑指offer-JZ12-数值的整数次方

题目描述

给定一个double类型的浮点数base和int类型的整数exponent。求base的exponent次方。保证base和exponent不同时为0

 

思路：

1.直接解，注意指数为负时的情况，结果为正指数时的倒数

class Solution {
public:
    double Power(double base, int exponent) {
        if(base == 0)
            return 0;
        if(exponent == 0)
            return 1;
        if(exponent == 1)
            return base;
        double res = 1.0;
        for(int i = 0; i < abs(exponent); ++i){
            res *= base;
        }
        if(exponent < 0)
            res = 1.0 / res;
        return res;
    }
};

2.快速幂算法，比如16次方可以通过8次方的平方算出

当指数n为偶数时，a^n = a^(n/2) * a ^ (n/2)，当n为奇数时，a^n = a^((n-1)/2) * a ^((n-1)/2) * a

class Solution {
public:
    double Power(double base, int exponent) {
        if(base == 0)
            return 0;
        if(exponent == 0)
            return 1;
        if(exponent == 1)
            return base;
        double res = Helper(base, abs(exponent));
        if(exponent < 0)
            res = 1.0 / res;
        return res;
    }
    
    double Helper(double base, int exponent){//保证指数为正
        if(exponent == 0)
            return 1;
        if(exponent == 1)
            return base;
        double res = Power(base, exponent >> 1);//指数n为偶数：a^n = a^(n/2) * a ^ (n/2)
        res *= res;
        if(exponent %2 == 1)//指数为奇数，再多乘一次
            res *= base;
        return res;
    }
};