VAD、KWS、ASR

语音活性检测 (Voice activity detection，VAD)，检测信号中语音成分和非语音成分

关键词检测 (Keyword Spotting, KWS)，检测语音信号中的关键词与非关键词部分

自动语音识别 (automatic speech recognition, ASR),  使得机器能够识别出人的语音

目前采用ASIC的方案，直接实现VAD，KWS，ASR的超低低功耗电路设计成为主流的趋势，本文总结了关于上述内容的最新论文。

KWS

1.会议：ISSCC

Shan, Weiwei, et al. "14.1 A 510nW 0.41 V Low-Memory Low-Computation Keyword-Spotting Chip Using Serial FFT-Based MFCC and Binarized Depthwise Separable Convolutional Neural Network in 28nm CMOS." 2020 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference-(ISSCC). IEEE, 2020.

2.期刊：JSSC

Giraldo, Juan Sebastian P., et al. "Vocell: A 65-nm Speech-Triggered Wake-Up SoC for 10-$\mu $ W Keyword Spotting and Speaker Verification." IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 55.4 (2020): 868-878.

3.会议：VLSI

Giraldo, JS P., et al. "18μW SoC for near-microphone Keyword Spotting and Speaker Verification." 2019 Symposium on VLSI Circuits. IEEE, 2019.

4.会议：ESSCIRC

Giraldo, Juan SP, and Marian Verhelst. "Laika: A 5uW programmable LSTM accelerator for always-on keyword spotting in 65nm CMOS." ESSCIRC 2018-IEEE 44th European Solid State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC). IEEE, 2018.

5.会议：VLSI

Yin, Shouyi, et al. "A 141 UW, 2.46 PJ/Neuron Binarized Convolutional Neural Network Based Self-Learning Speech Recognition Processor in 28NM CMOS." 2018 IEEE Symposium on VLSI Circuits. IEEE, 2018.

6.期刊：JSPS

Shah, Mohit, et al. "A fixed-point neural network architecture for speech applications on resource constrained hardware." Journal of Signal Processing Systems 90.5 (2018): 727-741.

7.期刊：JSSC

Price, Michael, James Glass, and Anantha P. Chandrakasan. "A low-power speech recognizer and voice activity detector using deep neural networks." IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 53.1 (2017): 66-75.

8.会议：ISSCC

Price, Michael, James Glass, and Anantha P. Chandrakasan. "14.4 a scalable speech recognizer with deep-neural-network acoustic models and voice-activated power gating." 2017 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference (ISSCC). IEEE, 2017.

9.期刊

Zhang, Yundong, et al. "Hello edge: Keyword spotting on microcontrollers." arXiv preprint arXiv:1711.07128 (2017).

VAD

1.会议：ISSCC

Yang, Minhao, et al. "Design of an Always-On Deep Neural Network-Based 1-$\mu $ W Voice Activity Detector Aided With a Customized Software Model for Analog Feature Extraction." IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 54.6 (2019): 1764-1777.

2.会议：ISSCC

Yang, Minhao, et al. "A 1μW voice activity detector using analog feature extraction and digital deep neural network." 2018 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference-(ISSCC). IEEE, 2018.

3.期刊：JSSC

Yang, Minhao, et al. "A 0.5 V 55$\mu\text {W} $64$\times $2 Channel Binaural Silicon Cochlea for Event-Driven Stereo-Audio Sensing." IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 51.11 (2016): 2554-2569.

4.会议：ISSCC

Badami, Komail, et al. "24.2 Context-aware hierarchical information-sensing in a 6μW 90nm CMOS voice activity detector." 2015 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference-(ISSCC) Digest of Technical Papers. IEEE, 2015.

ASR

1.期刊：Transactions

Tsai, Wei-Yu, et al. "Always-on speech recognition using truenorth, a reconfigurable, neurosynaptic processor." IEEE Transactions on Computers 66.6 (2016): 996-1007.

2.期刊：JSSC

Price, Michael, James Glass, and Anantha P. Chandrakasan. "A 6 mw, 5,000-word real-time speech recognizer using wfst models." IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 50.1 (2014): 102-112.

小知识：

集成电路学科的两大顶会一大顶刊：

会议：国际固态电路会议(IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference，ISSCC)

超大规模集成电路研讨会(Symposia on VLSI Technology and Circuits，VLSI)

期刊：固态电路期刊(IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits，JSSC)