Python生成xml文件方法

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已于 2023-08-31 14:50:00 修改

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于 2023-08-31 14:31:05 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/sinat_34241861/article/details/132600158

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一、背景介绍

由于工作中有个需求是需要生成一个jmeter脚本，而jmeter脚本其实就是一个xml文件。因此我只需要掌握如何生存一个xml文件即可

二、基本介绍

ElementTree：表示整个XML文件
Element：表示树中的一个元素，每个元素都有对应的标签tag
text：获取标签内容
attrib：获取标签的属性和属性值，是json结构
Element.get()：访问标签的属性值
Element.set():添加和修改标签的属性和属性值
Element.append()：添加孩子节点
Element.remove()：删除元素
Element.find() ：根据标签或路径查找出第一个匹配的元素
Element.findall()：根据标签或路径查找出所有匹配的子元素

三、示例代码

1、首先提供一个最基本的jmeter脚本模版文件。通过对该模版文件进行修改获得符合要求的jmeter压测脚本

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<jmeterTestPlan version="1.2" properties="5.0" jmeter="5.4.1">
  <hashTree>
    <TestPlan guiclass="TestPlanGui" testclass="TestPlan" testname="template" enabled="true">
      <stringProp name="TestPlan.comments"></stringProp>
      <boolProp name="TestPlan.functional_mode">false</boolProp>
      <boolProp name="TestPlan.tearDown_on_shutdown">true</boolProp>
      <boolProp name="TestPlan.serialize_threadgroups">false</boolProp>
      <elementProp name="TestPlan.user_defined_variables" elementType="Arguments" guiclass="ArgumentsPanel" testclass="Arguments" testname="User Defined Variables" enabled="true">
        <collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments"/>
      </elementProp>
      <stringProp name="TestPlan.user_define_classpath"></stringProp>
    </TestPlan>
    <hashTree>
      <ThreadGroup guiclass="ThreadGroupGui" testclass="ThreadGroup" testname="Thread Group" enabled="true">
        <stringProp name="ThreadGroup.on_sample_error">continue</stringProp>
        <elementProp name="ThreadGroup.main_controller" elementType="LoopController" guiclass="LoopControlPanel" testclass="LoopController" testname="Loop Controller" enabled="true">
          <boolProp name="LoopController.continue_forever">false</boolProp>
          <intProp name="LoopController.loops">-1</intProp>
        </elementProp>
        <stringProp name="ThreadGroup.num_threads">1</stringProp>
        <stringProp name="ThreadGroup.ramp_time"></stringProp>
        <boolProp name="ThreadGroup.scheduler">true</boolProp>
        <stringProp name="ThreadGroup.duration">1</stringProp>
        <stringProp name="ThreadGroup.delay"></stringProp>
        <boolProp name="ThreadGroup.same_user_on_next_iteration">false</boolProp>
      </ThreadGroup>
      <hashTree>
        <CSVDataSet guiclass="TestBeanGUI" testclass="CSVDataSet" testname="CSV 数据文件设置" enabled="true">
          <stringProp name="delimiter">\t</stringProp>
          <stringProp name="fileEncoding">UTF-8</stringProp>
          <stringProp name="filename">press.txt</stringProp>
          <boolProp name="ignoreFirstLine">false</boolProp>
          <boolProp name="quotedData">false</boolProp>
          <boolProp name="recycle">false</boolProp>
          <stringProp name="shareMode">shareMode.all</stringProp>
          <boolProp name="stopThread">true</boolProp>
          <stringProp name="variableNames">uri,header,body</stringProp>
        </CSVDataSet>
        <hashTree/>
        <Arguments guiclass="ArgumentsPanel" testclass="Arguments" testname="用户定义的变量" enabled="true">
          <collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments">
            <elementProp name="ip" elementType="Argument">
              <stringProp name="Argument.name">ip</stringProp>
              <stringProp name="Argument.value"></stringProp>
              <stringProp name="Argument.metadata">=</stringProp>
            </elementProp>
            <elementProp name="port" elementType="Argument">
              <stringProp name="Argument.name">port</stringProp>
              <stringProp name="Argument.value"></stringProp>
              <stringProp name="Argument.metadata">=</stringProp>
            </elementProp>
          </collectionProp>
        </Arguments>
        <hashTree/>
        <HeaderManager guiclass="HeaderPanel" testclass="HeaderManager" testname="HTTP信息头管理器" enabled="true">
          <collectionProp name="HeaderManager.headers"/>
        </HeaderManager>
        <hashTree/>
        <HTTPSamplerProxy guiclass="HttpTestSampleGui" testclass="HTTPSamplerProxy" testname="HTTP GET 请求" enabled="true">
          <elementProp name="HTTPsampler.Arguments" elementType="Arguments" guiclass="HTTPArgumentsPanel" testclass="Arguments" testname="用户定义的变量" enabled="true">
            <collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments"/>
          </elementProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.domain">${ip}</stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.port">${port}</stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.protocol">http</stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.contentEncoding">utf-8</stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.path">${uri}</stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.method">GET</stringProp>
          <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.follow_redirects">true</boolProp>
          <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.auto_redirects">false</boolProp>
          <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.use_keepalive">true</boolProp>
          <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.DO_MULTIPART_POST">false</boolProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.embedded_url_re"></stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.connect_timeout"></stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.response_timeout"></stringProp>
        </HTTPSamplerProxy>
        <hashTree/>
        <HTTPSamplerProxy guiclass="HttpTestSampleGui" testclass="HTTPSamplerProxy" testname="HTTP POST 请求" enabled="true">
          <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.postBodyRaw">true</boolProp>
          <elementProp name="HTTPsampler.Arguments" elementType="Arguments">
            <collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments">
              <elementProp name="" elementType="HTTPArgument">
                <boolProp name="HTTPArgument.always_encode">false</boolProp>
                <stringProp name="Argument.value">${body}</stringProp>
                <stringProp name="Argument.metadata">=</stringProp>
              </elementProp>
            </collectionProp>
          </elementProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.domain">${ip}</stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.port">${port}</stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.protocol">http</stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.contentEncoding">utf-8</stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.path">${uri}</stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.method">POST</stringProp>
          <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.follow_redirects">true</boolProp>
          <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.auto_redirects">false</boolProp>
          <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.use_keepalive">true</boolProp>
          <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.DO_MULTIPART_POST">false</boolProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.embedded_url_re"></stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.connect_timeout"></stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.response_timeout"></stringProp>
        </HTTPSamplerProxy>
        <hashTree/>
        <ResultCollector guiclass="ViewResultsFullVisualizer" testclass="ResultCollector" testname="察看结果树" enabled="true">
          <boolProp name="ResultCollector.error_logging">true</boolProp>
          <objProp>
            <name>saveConfig</name>
            <value class="SampleSaveConfiguration">
              <time>true</time>
              <latency>true</latency>
              <timestamp>true</timestamp>
              <success>true</success>
              <label>true</label>
              <code>true</code>
              <message>true</message>
              <threadName>true</threadName>
              <dataType>true</dataType>
              <encoding>false</encoding>
              <assertions>true</assertions>
              <subresults>true</subresults>
              <responseData>false</responseData>
              <samplerData>false</samplerData>
              <xml>false</xml>
              <fieldNames>true</fieldNames>
              <responseHeaders>false</responseHeaders>
              <requestHeaders>false</requestHeaders>
              <responseDataOnError>false</responseDataOnError>
              <saveAssertionResultsFailureMessage>true</saveAssertionResultsFailureMessage>
              <assertionsResultsToSave>0</assertionsResultsToSave>
              <bytes>true</bytes>
              <sentBytes>true</sentBytes>
              <url>true</url>
              <threadCounts>true</threadCounts>
              <idleTime>true</idleTime>
              <connectTime>true</connectTime>
            </value>
          </objProp>
          <stringProp name="filename"></stringProp>
        </ResultCollector>
        <hashTree/>
        <ResultCollector guiclass="StatVisualizer" testclass="ResultCollector" testname="聚合报告" enabled="true">
          <boolProp name="ResultCollector.error_logging">false</boolProp>
          <objProp>
            <name>saveConfig</name>
            <value class="SampleSaveConfiguration">
              <time>true</time>
              <latency>true</latency>
              <timestamp>true</timestamp>
              <success>true</success>
              <label>true</label>
              <code>true</code>
              <message>true</message>
              <threadName>true</threadName>
              <dataType>true</dataType>
              <encoding>false</encoding>
              <assertions>true</assertions>
              <subresults>true</subresults>
              <responseData>false</responseData>
              <samplerData>false</samplerData>
              <xml>false</xml>
              <fieldNames>true</fieldNames>
              <responseHeaders>false</responseHeaders>
              <requestHeaders>false</requestHeaders>
              <responseDataOnError>false</responseDataOnError>
              <saveAssertionResultsFailureMessage>true</saveAssertionResultsFailureMessage>
              <assertionsResultsToSave>0</assertionsResultsToSave>
              <bytes>true</bytes>
              <sentBytes>true</sentBytes>
              <url>true</url>
              <threadCounts>true</threadCounts>
              <idleTime>true</idleTime>
              <connectTime>true</connectTime>
            </value>
          </objProp>
          <stringProp name="filename"></stringProp>
        </ResultCollector>
        <hashTree/>
      </hashTree>
    </hashTree>
  </hashTree>
</jmeterTestPlan>

2、修改xml文件的python代码

tree = ET.parse(template_path)
root = tree.getroot()

for child in root.find('hashTree'):
print("curr child tag", child.tag)
if child.tag == "hashTree":
    hashTreeElement = child.find('hashTree')
    csvDataSetElement = hashTreeElement[0]
    csvDataSetElement[2].text = pressdata_file_path
    
    collectionProp = hashTreeElement[2][0]
    collectionProp[0][1].text = ip
    collectionProp[1][1].text = port

    collectionProp_of_header = hashTreeElement[4][0]
    for key in header.keys():
        new_elementProp = ET.Element('elementProp')
        new_elementProp.attrib = {"name":"", "elementType":"Header"}

        new_stringProp_name = ET.Element('stringProp')
        new_stringProp_name.text = key
        new_stringProp_name.attrib = {"name":"Header.name"}

        new_stringProp_value = ET.Element('stringProp')
        new_stringProp_value.text = header[key]
        new_stringProp_value.attrib = {"name":"Header.value"}
        
        new_elementProp.append(new_stringProp_name)
        new_elementProp.append(new_stringProp_value)
        collectionProp_of_header.append(new_elementProp)

    if method == "get":
        hashTreeElement.remove(hashTreeElement[8])
        hashTreeElement.remove(hashTreeElement[8])
    elif method == "post":
        hashTreeElement.remove(hashTreeElement[6])
        hashTreeElement.remove(hashTreeElement[6])

if child.tag == "TestPlan":
    child.set("testname", name)

代码解析：

导入包 import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

使用解析器解析根元素

# 加载XML树
tree = ET.parse(template_file_path)
root = tree.getroot()

根据标签名或路径找到第一个匹配的元素
```
root.find('hashTree')
```

通过索引解析元素并赋值

csvDataSetElement[2].text = pressdata_file_path

修改标签的属性值
```
child.set("testname", name)
```

添加新节点元素

 new_elementProp.append(new_stringProp_value)

删除某一个标签

hashTreeElement.remove(hashTreeElement[8])

创建一个新的元素

new_stringProp_value = ET.Element('stringProp')

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Python生成xml文件方法

生成一个xml文件
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Python生成xml文件方法

一、背景介绍

二、基本介绍

三、示例代码

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