1 单例模式

达内 闵大神

//饿汉单例模式
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Singleton
{
public:
	static Singleton& getInstance()
	{
		return s_instance;
	}
private:
	Singleton(){}
	Singleton(const Singleton& that){}
	static Singleton s_instance;//静态成员变量
};

Singleton Singleton::s_instance;

int main()
{
	Singleton& s1 = Singleton::getInstance();
	Singleton& s2 = Singleton::getInstance();
	Singleton& s3 = Singleton::getInstance();
	cout<<&s1<<' '<<&s2<<' '<<&s3<<endl;
	return 0;
}

//懒汉单例模式
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Singleton
{
public:
	static Singleton& getInstance()
	{
		if(!s_instance)
			s_instance = new Singleton;
		return *s_instance;
	}

private:
	Singleton(){}
	Singleton(const Singleton& that){}
	static Singleton* s_instance;//静态成员变量
	
};

Singleton* Singleton::s_instance = NULL;

int main()
{
	Singleton& s1 = Singleton::getInstance();
	Singleton& s2 = Singleton::getInstance();
	Singleton& s3 = Singleton::getInstance();
	cout<<&s1<<' '<<&s2<<' '<<&s3<<endl;
	return 0;
}
//懒汉单例模式 考虑引用计数,考虑线程安全
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Singleton
{
public:
	static Singleton& getInstance()
	{
		if(!s_instance)//减少不必要的加锁，提高程序性能
		{
		 	pthread_mutex_lock(&s_mutex);
                	if(!s_instance)
                        	s_instance = new Singleton;
               	 	pthread_mutex_unlock(&s_mutex);
		}
                ++s_counter;
		return *s_instance;
	}
	void releaseInstance()
	{
		if(s_counter && --s_counter == 0)//0的时候不能再减小避免减到不合理的值
		{		
			cout<<"析构 被执行"<<endl;
			delete this;
		}
	}

private:
	Singleton()
	{
		cout<<"构造被执行"<<endl;
	}
	Singleton(const Singleton& that){}
	~Singleton()
	{
		s_instance = NULL;//避免野指针
	}
	static Singleton* s_instance;//静态成员变量
	static int s_counter;
	static pthread_mutex_t s_mutex;
};

Singleton* Singleton::s_instance = NULL;
int Singleton::s_counter = 0;
pthread_mutex_t Singleton::s_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER; 

int main()
{
	Singleton& s1 = Singleton::getInstance();
	Singleton& s2 = Singleton::getInstance();
	Singleton& s3 = Singleton::getInstance();
	cout<<&s1<<' '<<&s2<<' '<<&s3<<endl;
	s1.releaseInstance();
	s2.releaseInstance();
	s3.releaseInstance();

	return 0;
}