小白学习框架之SpringMVC

一、SpringMVC

特点:
  • 天生支持注解(web 3.0 标准),配置更灵活
  • 轻量级的mvc框架(jar包小,包少)
  • 完全支持rest 风格(资源等价于服务。不含资源的后置名。仅有网站的路径,采用网站的多级路径携带参数信息
    传统风格:
    a/b/1.html
    a/b/add.action?a=123&b=456
    rest 风格:(狭义)
    a/b/123/456/add.action
  •  支持模型和视图统一打包ModelAndView
传统:
模型数据传输用 request.setAttribute(“user”,user);
视图地址传输用 request.getRequestDisparcher(“main.jsp”).forward(request,response);
Springmvc:
          将视图和模型打包成 ModelAndView 。默认绑定到 request 作用域
          注意: springMVC 的跳转默认采用转发
  • 功能强大(mvc+拦截器+标签+国际化+校验器)struts有的功能springmvc都有
  • 控制器(既是单例,也是pojo),本质是对servlet的改造。


3 架构原理
struts2 一样,采用“ 前置控制器 + 业务控制器 ”的方式。
Struts2 filter+action
Springmvc Servlet+ controller
原理:
1 )客户端发出一个 http 请求给 web 服务器, web 服务器对 http 请求进行解析,如果匹配 DispatcherServlet 的请求映射路径(在 web.xml 中指定), web 容器(如 tomcat )将请求转交给 DispatcherServlet.
2 DispatcherServlet 接收到这个请求之后将根据请求的信息(包括 URL Http 方法、请求报文头和请求参数 Cookie 等)以及 HandlerMapping 的配置找到处理请求的处理器( Handler )。
3-4 DispatcherServlet 根据 HandlerMapping (就相当于一个目录,每个 @Controller 标记过的类都会在这里做登记)找到对应的 Handler, 将处理权交给 Handler Handler 将具体的处理进行封装),再由具体的 HandlerAdapter Handler 进行具体的调用。
5 Handler 对数据处理完成以后将返回一个 ModelAndView() 对象给 DispatcherServlet
6 Handler 返回的 ModelAndView 只是一个逻辑视图并不是一个正式的视图, DispatcherSevlet 通过 ViewResolver 将逻辑视图转化为真正的视图 View
7 Dispatcher 通过 model 解析出 ModelAndView() 中的参数最终展现出完整的 view 并返回给客户端。

二、开发步骤
1、添加能力,自动导入springmvc+spring的库 :spring3.0 web Libraries + spring Web jar包 或者手动导入jar包
F:\JAVA\第三阶段\04SpringMVC\练习\个人任务书\课堂代码\springmvc_1_hello\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib
2、在web.xml中配置spring 和springmvc 的<listener> 和<servlet> (前置控制器)
//web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5"

        xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"

        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

        xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
        http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
  <display-name></display-name>

  <servlet>
               <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
                <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        </servlet>
        <servlet-mapping>
               <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
               <url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern><!-- 1、利于SEO搜索机制,2、伪装页面,将后台请求为转成静态跳转 -->
        </servlet-mapping>


  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

3、在webRoot下的WEB-INF中添加springmvc-servlet.xml(配置后置控制器及对应的视图关系)
//springmvc-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd">


        <!-- 配置注解的扫描路径。控制器包中 -->
        <context:component-scan base-package="*"/>
        <!-- 相当于注册了DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping与AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter 两个bean,是springmvc开发所必须的 -->
        <mvc:annotation-driven />

        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
               <property name="messageConverters">
                       <list>
                              <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter">
                                      <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
                                             <list>
                                                     <value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
                                             </list>
                                      </property>
                              </bean>
                       </list>
               </property>
        </bean>

        <!-- 创建1个视图解析器,支持jsp -->
        <bean id="viewResovler"

                class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
               <!-- 视图文件的前缀 -->
               <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/><!-- 指定WEB-INF路径可以断绝外界直接访问。除非用转发的形式!而spring就是转发,这样就能保护页面 -->
               <!-- 视图文件的后缀 -->
               <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
               <!-- 视图文件的具体类型:支持jstl的视图 -->
               <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
        </bean>


</beans>

4、编写controller.java文件,使用注解配置请求映射关系。

三、SpringMVC传参
1、ModelAndView,返回模型和视图的打包
//通过modelandview返回模型和视图的打包
               @RequestMapping("/showdata")
               public ModelAndView showdata(){
                       Map<String,Object> data = new HashMap<String,Object>();
                       data.put("str", " i am bai"); //存储字符串
                       data.put("stu", new Student(1,"白")); //存储字符串

                       ModelAndView ma = new ModelAndView("showdata", data); //返回"showdata"页面
                       return ma;
               }

//林工写的
@RequestMapping("/sum")
               public ModelAndView sum(int a, int b) {
                       int c = a + b;

                       ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
                       mav.setViewName("result"); //返回"result"页面
                       mav.addObject("c1", c);

                       return mav;
               }
2、获取请求参数+restful风格
//传递对象的形式
@RequestMapping("/input_stu")
               public String showinput_stu(@ModelAttribute("stu") Student stu){
                       return "show_stu";
               }

//使用restful风格传递参数
    @RequestMapping(value="/{sid}/{sname}/input_stu_path")
    public ModelAndView inputpath_stu(
            @PathVariable int sid,
            @PathVariable String sname){
        Map<String,Student> data = new HashMap<String,Student>();
        data.put("stu", new Student(sid,sname));
        return new ModelAndView("show_stu",data);
    }


//获取request和session等web对象的方式
    @RequestMapping("/getRquest")
    public String getRequet(HttpServletRequest request,HttpSession session){
        request.setAttribute("req", "requestValue");
        session.setAttribute("ses", "sessionValue");
        session.getServletContext().setAttribute("app", "applicationValue");
        return "show_request";
    }

      //兼容servlet写法
    @RequestMapping(value="/*" ,method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException,ServletException{
        response.setContentType("text/html; charset=utf-8");
        request.setAttribute("req", "requestValue");
        request.getRequestDispatcher("WEB-INF/jsp/show_request.jsp").forward(request, response);
    }

      //重定向
    @RequestMapping("/redirectTo")
    public String redirect(){
        //return "redirect:/index.jsp";
        return "redirect:/getRquest.html";
    }

      //转发到另一个方法 chain
    @RequestMapping("/chainTo")
    public String chain(){
        return "forward:/getRquest.html";
    }

//林工写的接收一般表单参数


@RequestMapping("/reg.do")
    public String reg(int age, boolean bool, Cat cat, HttpSession session,
            HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws IOException {
        System.out.println(age);
        System.out.println(bool);
        System.out.println(cat.getName());
        System.out.println(cat.getPet().getName());
        System.out.println(cat.getHobby().get(0).getClass());
        System.out.println(cat.getMap());

        System.out.println(session);
        System.out.println(request);
        response.getWriter().print("aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa");
        response.getWriter().flush();
        return "success";
    }



//使用restful风格传递参数
@RequestMapping("/rest/id/{id}/name/{name}")
    public String doit(@PathVariable int id, @PathVariable String name) {
        System.out.println(id);
        System.out.println(name);
        return "success";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/get", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String get() {
        System.out.println("get");
        return "success";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/post", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String post() {
        System.out.println("post");
        return "success";
    }
3、SpringMVC校验
  • 注意1、要引入几个jar包  路径:F:\JAVA\第三阶段\03spring\练习\个人任务书\课程代码\09-springmvc-validation\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib
  • 2、在Springmvc-servlet.xml中要开启<mvc:annotation-driven/>注解
  • 3、前端引入标签来获取
  • 后端代码
//controller中的方法
package com.etc.controller;

import javax.validation.Valid;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import com.etc.vo.User;

@Controller
public class RegController {

    @RequestMapping("/reg.do")
    public String reg(@Valid User user,   BindingResult result) {
        System.out.println(result.getErrorCount());
        if (result.hasErrors()) {

            return "fail";
        } else {

            return "success";
        }
    }

}


//User的代码
package com.etc.vo;

import javax.validation.constraints.Pattern;
import javax.validation.constraints.Size;

public class User {

    @Size(min=3 , max=6, message="用户名只能大于{min}小于{max}") //限制输入名字要大于3小于6
    @Pattern(regexp="^[a-zA-Z0-9]+$")   //也可以用正则来加校验
    private String username;

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }
}

  • 前端代码
//校验页面代码
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">

    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">   
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->
  </head>

  <body>ffd
       <form action="reg.do">
           username:<input name="username"/><br/>
           <input type="submit"/>
       </form>
  </body>
</html>



//错误页面代码
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="gbk"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">

    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">   
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->
  </head>

  <body>
    <s:errors path="user.username"></s:errors>

  </body>
</html>



Struts校验,validation.xml,自动完成前端数据的校验
jsr303  java的规范,

空检查

@Null       验证对象是否为null

@NotNull    验证对象是否不为null, 无法查检长度为0的字符串

@NotBlank 检查约束字符串是不是Null还有被Trim的长度是否大于0,只对字符串,且会去掉前后空格.

@NotEmpty 检查约束元素是否为NULL或者是EMPTY.

 

Booelan检查

@AssertTrue     验证 Boolean 对象是否为 true  

@AssertFalse    验证 Boolean 对象是否为 false  

 

长度检查

@Size(min=, max=) 验证对象(Array,Collection,Map,String)长度是否在给定的范围之内  

@Length(min=, max=) Validates that the annotated string is between min and max included.

 

日期检查

@Past           验证 Date 和 Calendar 对象是否在当前时间之前  

@Future     验证 Date 和 Calendar 对象是否在当前时间之后  

@Pattern    验证 String 对象是否符合正则表达式的规则

 

数值检查,建议使用在Stirng,Integer类型,不建议使用在int类型上,因为表单值为“”时无法转换为int,但可以转换为Stirng为"",Integer为null

@Min            验证 Number 和 String 对象是否大等于指定的值  

@Max            验证 Number 和 String 对象是否小等于指定的值  

@DecimalMax 被标注的值必须不大于约束中指定的最大值. 这个约束的参数是一个通过BigDecimal定义的最大值的字符串表示.小数存在精度

@DecimalMin 被标注的值必须不小于约束中指定的最小值. 这个约束的参数是一个通过BigDecimal定义的最小值的字符串表示.小数存在精度

@Digits     验证 Number 和 String 的构成是否合法  

@Digits(integer=,fraction=) 验证字符串是否是符合指定格式的数字,interger指定整数精度,fraction指定小数精度。

 

@Range(min=, max=) 检查数字是否介于min和max之间.

@Range(min=10000,max=50000,message="range.bean.wage")
private BigDecimal wage;

 

@Valid 递归的对关联对象进行校验, 如果关联对象是个集合或者数组,那么对其中的元素进行递归校验,如果是一个map,则对其中的值部分进行校验.(是否进行递归验证)

@CreditCardNumber信用卡验证

@Email  验证是否是邮件地址,如果为null,不进行验证,算通过验证。

@ScriptAssert(lang= ,script=, alias=)

@URL(protocol=,host=, port=,regexp=, flags=)
4、SpringMVC上传
  • 上传只能用"post"方式
  • 要在springmvc-servlet.xml中配置
<!-- 支持上传文件 -->
    <bean id="multipartResolver"
        class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver" />
</beans>
  • 写页面

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">

    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">   
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->
  </head>

   <body>
       <form action="upload.do" method="post"   enctype="multipart/form-data">
           <input type="file" name="file"> <input type="submit"/>
       </form>
  </body>
</html>


  • 写controller
package com.etc.controller;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

@Controller
public class UploadController {

    @RequestMapping("/upload.do")
    public String upload(@RequestParam MultipartFile file,
            HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {
        System.out.println(file);
            //获取上传文件信息
        String name = file.getName();
        String contentType = file.getContentType();
        long size = file.getSize();
        String oname = file.getOriginalFilename();

        System.out.println(name + "," + contenType + "," + size + ","
                              + new String(oname.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"), "UTF-8")); //转码问题
       

          // 文件名 用时间磋,做为文件名
        long time = System.currentTimeMillis(); //获取时间戳
        // el-api.jar a.b.jar
        // charAt subString
        String ext = oname.substring(oname.lastIndexOf(".")); //截取文件类型 
        String newname = time + ext;//拼串名字

          // 如果目录不存在要自动创建
        String dir = "f:/upload"; //定义一个文件路径

        String path = request.getRealPath("/upload/");
        System.out.println(path);
        dir = path;

        new File(dir).mkdirs();

        InputStream input = file.getInputStream();// 原始
        FileOutputStream output = new FileOutputStream(dir + "/" + newname); //获取文件流和定义输出流
        IOUtils.copy(input, output);
        output.close();     //关闭输出流

        return "success";
    }
}

  • 放在服务器upload文件下的好处:1、上传完立马就可以下载,不用专门写下载工具 2、可以通过浏览器直接访问,访问该路径就是直接下载路径。  注意  web.xml中过滤器的设置
  • 上传多个文件的话,上传的是文件的数组,后台要用数组的方式接收,页面代码和controller代码如下

   
//controller代码
    @RequestMapping("/upload2.do")
    public String upload2(@RequestParam MultipartFile[] files,
            HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {

        for (MultipartFile file : files) {

            System.out.println(file);

            String name = file.getName();
            String contentType = file.getContentType();
            long size = file.getSize();
            String oname = file.getOriginalFilename();

            System.out.println(name + "," + contentType + "," + size + ","
                    + oname);

            // 文件名 用时间磋,做为文件名
            long time = System.currentTimeMillis();//
            // el-api.jar a.b.jar
            // charAt subString
            String ext = oname.substring(oname.lastIndexOf("."));
            System.out.println(ext);

            String newname = time + ext;

            // 如果目录不存在要自动创建
            String dir = "f:/upload";

            String path = request.getRealPath("/upload/");
            System.out.println(path);
            dir = path;

            new File(dir).mkdirs();

            InputStream input = file.getInputStream();// 原始
            FileOutputStream output = new FileOutputStream(dir + "/" + newname);
            IOUtils.copy(input, output);
            output.close();

        }
        return "success";
    }


//页面代码
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">

    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">   
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->
  </head>

  <body>
       <form action="upload2.do" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
           <input type="file" name="files">
           <input type="file" name="files">
            <input type="submit"/>
       </form>
  </body>
</html>



5、SpringMVC下载
  • controller代码
package com.etc.controller;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class DownloadController {

    @RequestMapping("/download.do")
    public String download(String filename, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws IOException {

        response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="
                + filename);

        String dir = "f:/upload/";

        InputStream in = new FileInputStream(dir + filename);

        IOUtils.copy(in, response.getOutputStream());

        return null;
    }
}

  • 前端页面
<%@page import="java.io.File"%>
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">

    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">   
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->
  </head>

  <body>
       <%
            File dir = new File("f:/upload");
            String [] fs = dir.list();
            for(String f:fs){
                out.print("<a href='download.do?filename="+f+"'>"+f+"</a>"+"<br/>");
                out.print("<img src='download.do?filename="+f+"'>");
            }
        %>

  </body>
</html>


5、SpringMVC JSON(java script object notation)
1、JOSN是一种数据格式,用来存储数据,和xml功能相似。

注意:1<mvc:annotation-driven/>
          2添加两个jar包:F:\JAVA\第三阶段\03spring\练习\个人任务书\课程代码\11-springmvc-json\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib
          3、可能有重复的jar包要删除
          4、springmvc-servlet.xml中要配置添加对json的支持,代码如下
<!-- 开启对Json的支持 -->
    <bean
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
        <property name="messageConverters">
            <list>
                <ref bean="jsonHttpMessageConverter" />
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="jsonHttpMessageConverter"
        class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter">
        <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
            <list>
                <value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>

Controller代码:
package com.etc.controller;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import com.etc.vo.User;

@org.springframework.stereotype.Controller
public class JsonController {

    @RequestMapping("/showJson")
    @ResponseBody
    public List showJson() {

        // ArrayList list = new ArrayList();
        // list.add("a");
        // list.add("b");
        // list.add("c");

        // User user = new User();
        // user.setUsername("lin");
        // user.setPassword("admin");

        ArrayList list = new ArrayList();
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            User user = new User();
            user.setUsername("lin" + i);
            user.setPassword("pass" + i);
            list.add(user);
        }
        return list;

        // springmvc内部 list ->json

    }

    @RequestMapping("/getJson")
    // json -> User
    public String getJson(@RequestBody User user) {
        System.out.println(user.getUsername() + "," + user.getPassword());
        return "success";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/re")
    public String re() {
        return "redirect:/showJson";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/fo")
    public String fo(){
        return "forward:/showJson";
    }


}

页面代码
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%
    String path = request.getContextPath();
    String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://"
            + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
            + path + "/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">

<title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->
</head>

<body>
    <button οnclick="doajax()">ajax</button>
    <div id="div"></div>
    <script>
        function doajax() {
            //1 . new 
            var request = new XMLHttpRequest();

            //2. open
            request.open("get", "showJson", true);

            //3. onreadystatechange 注册一个监听器
            request.onreadystatechange = function() {
                var txt = request.responseText;

                var obj = eval("(" + txt + ")")

                var str = "<table border=1>";
                for (var i = 0; i < obj.length; i++) {
                    var user = obj[i];
                    str += "<tr><td>" + user.username + "</td><td>"
                            + user.password + "</td></tr>"
                }
                str += "</table>"

                document.getElementById("div").innerHTML = str;
            }

            //4 .send
            request.send();

        }
    </script>
</body>
</html>

getJson页面
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%
    String path = request.getContextPath();
    String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://"
            + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
            + path + "/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">

<title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->
</head>

<body>
    <button οnclick="doajax()">ajax</button>
    <script>
        function doajax() {
            //1 . new 
            var request = new XMLHttpRequest();

            //2. post json
            request.open("post", "getJson", true);
            request.setRequestHeader("Content-type",
                    "application/json;charset=UTF-8");
            //4 .send
            request.send('{"username":"lin","password":"lin111"}');

        }
    </script>
</body>
</html>


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