Docker容器实例日志查看

在linux上，Docker的容器运行日志文件一般为/var/lib/docker/containers/container_id/container_id-json.log结尾的文件。可以通过下述方式查看所有容器的日志文件及其详细信息。

sudo find /var/lib/docker/containers/ -name *-json.log |xargs sudo ls -l

Docker logs 命令语法及参数

docker logs [OPTIONS] CONTAINER

参数说明：

  Options:
        --details        显示更多的信息
    -f, --follow         跟踪实时日志
        --since string   显示自某个timestamp之后的日志，或相对时间，如30m（即30分钟）
        --tail string    仅列出最新的N条容器日志， 默认是all
    -t, --timestamps     显示时间戳
        --until string   显示自某个timestamp之前的日志，或相对时间，如30m（即30分钟）

例子

例子1，输出容器日志：

docker logs -f nginx

上面的命令会向标准输出（屏幕)输出所有内容，不太好用。博主曾一直想当然认为 logs -f 跟 tail -f 类似，只是输出最近十条日志及新追加的日志，其实不一样。
可以加上–tail参数。

例子2，输出容器的最近50条记录：

# 只输出最近50条日志
docker logs -f --tail=50 mynginx

例子3，查看最近30分钟的日志:

# 只输出最近10条日志
docker logs -f --since 30m nginx

例子4，输出时间戳：

# 只输出最近10条日志
docker logs -tf --tail=10 nginx

下面是输出例子

2020-03-13T05:14:03.979528647Z     return self.get_template(template_name_or_list, parent, globals)
2020-03-13T05:14:03.979531076Z   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/jinja2/environment.py", line 883, in get_template
2020-03-13T05:14:03.979533595Z     return self._load_template(name, self.make_globals(globals))
2020-03-13T05:14:03.979536041Z   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/jinja2/environment.py", line 857, in _load_template
2020-03-13T05:14:03.979538578Z     template = self.loader.load(self, name, globals)
2020-03-13T05:14:03.979540973Z   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/jinja2/loaders.py", line 117, in load
2020-03-13T05:14:03.979543446Z     source, filename, uptodate = self.get_source(environment, name)
2020-03-13T05:14:03.979545891Z   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/templating.py", line 60, in get_source
2020-03-13T05:14:03.979548394Z     return self._get_source_fast(environment, template)
2020-03-13T05:14:03.979550776Z   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/templating.py", line 89, in _get_source_fast
2020-03-13T05:14:03.979553290Z     raise TemplateNotFound(template)
2020-03-13T05:14:03.979555690Z jinja2.exceptions.TemplateNotFound: 404.html

下面是直接用tail -f来跟踪日志文件的效果。没有上面的看起来可读性好。

tail -f /var/lib/docker/containers/379b7d4f0a62dacd4f9b0b85bf0f5be5ef84b1dfece3683a31fb83d3d9221ffe/379b7d4f0a62dacd4f9b0b85bf0f5be5ef84b1dfece3683a31fb83d3d9221ffe-json.log
{"log":"    return self._load_template(name, self.make_globals(globals))\n","stream":"stderr","time":"2020-03-13T04:28:43.632851693Z"}
{"log":"  File \"/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/jinja2/environment.py\", line 857, in _load_template\n","stream":"stderr","time":"2020-03-13T04:28:43.632866023Z"}
{"log":"    template = self.loader.load(self, name, globals)\n","stream":"stderr","time":"2020-03-13T04:28:43.632898144Z"}
{"log":"  File \"/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/jinja2/loaders.py\", line 117, in load\n","stream":"stderr","time":"2020-03-13T04:28:43.632910057Z"}
{"log":"    source, filename, uptodate = self.get_source(environment, name)\n","stream":"stderr","time":"2020-03-13T04:28:43.632933335Z"}
{"log":"  File \"/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/templating.py\", line 60, in get_source\n","stream":"stderr","time":"2020-03-13T04:28:43.632942477Z"}
{"log":"    return self._get_source_fast(environment, template)\n","stream":"stderr","time":"2020-03-13T04:28:43.6329745Z"}
{"log":"  File \"/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/templating.py\", line 89, in _get_source_fast\n","stream":"stderr","time":"2020-03-13T04:28:43.632983731Z"}
{"log":"    raise TemplateNotFound(template)\n","stream":"stderr","time":"2020-03-13T04:28:43.633006442Z"}
{"log":"jinja2.exceptions.TemplateNotFound: 404.html\n","stream":"stderr","time":"2020-03-13T04:28:43.633017189Z"}