IteratorPattern--HeadFirst学习

1、迭代器设计模式定义

提供一种方法顺序访问聚合对象中的各个元素，而又不暴漏其内部表示。

2、要点

迭代器模式提供了一种方法，可以顺序访问一个聚合对象中的元素，而不不用知道内部是如何表示的。

迭代器模式把在元素之间游走的责任交给了迭代器，而不是聚合对象，使得聚合对象的接口实现更加简洁，可以让聚合更专注在其他事情上面。

3、例子代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace IteratorPattern
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 遍历接口
    /// </summary>
    public interface Iterator
    {
        bool hasNext();

        object Next();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 午餐菜单遍历迭代器实现
    /// </summary>
    public class DinnerMenuIterator : Iterator
    {
        private List<MenuItem> m_MenuList;
        private int index = 0;

        public DinnerMenuIterator(List<MenuItem> menuList)
        {
            m_MenuList = menuList;
        }

        #region Iterator 成员

        public bool hasNext()
        {
            return m_MenuList.Count > index && m_MenuList[index]!=null;
        }

        public object Next()
        {
            MenuItem pItem =  m_MenuList[index];
            index++;

            return pItem;
        }

        #endregion
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 早餐菜单迭代器实现
    /// </summary>
    public class PanCakeHouseIterator : Iterator
    {
        private MenuItem[] m_MenuList;
        private int index = 0;

        public PanCakeHouseIterator(MenuItem[] menuList)
        {
            m_MenuList = menuList;
        }

        #region Iterator 成员

        public bool hasNext()
        {
            return m_MenuList.Length > index && m_MenuList[index] != null;
        }

        public object Next()
        {
            MenuItem pItem = m_MenuList[index];
            index++;

            return pItem;
        }

        #endregion
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 菜单项
    /// </summary>
    public class MenuItem
    {
        private string m_name;
        private string m_description;
        private bool m_vegetarian;
        private double m_price;

        public MenuItem(string name, string description, bool vegetarian, double price)
        {
            m_name = name;
            m_description = description;
            m_vegetarian = vegetarian;
            m_price = price;
        }

        public override string ToString()
        {
            return string.Format("name = {0};description = {1};vegetarian ={2};price = {3}", m_name, m_description, m_vegetarian, m_price);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 早餐菜单
    /// </summary>
    public class PanCakeHouseMenu
    {
        private const int MAX_ITEMS = 100;
        private MenuItem[] m_Items;
        private int count = 0;

        public PanCakeHouseMenu()
        {
            m_Items = new MenuItem[MAX_ITEMS];
            AddItem("煎饼", "大煎饼", true, 10);
            AddItem("煎饼", "小煎饼", true, 8);
            AddItem("煎饼", "大煎饼", false, 7);
            AddItem("煎饼","大煎饼",false,5);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 添加菜单项
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="name"></param>
        /// <param name="description"></param>
        /// <param name="vegetarian"></param>
        /// <param name="price"></param>
        private void AddItem(string name, string description, bool vegetarian, double price)
        {
            if(count >= MAX_ITEMS)
                return;

            MenuItem pItem = new MenuItem(name, description, vegetarian, price);
            m_Items[count] = pItem;
            count++;
        }

        public Iterator CreateIterator()
        {
            return new PanCakeHouseIterator(m_Items);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 午餐菜单
    /// </summary>
    public class DinnerMenu
    {
        private List<MenuItem> m_Items;

        public DinnerMenu()
        {
            m_Items = new List<MenuItem>();
            AddItem("披萨", "超级至尊", true, 10);
            AddItem("披萨", "夏威夷风光", true, 8);
            AddItem("披萨", "超级大虾", false, 8);
            AddItem("披萨", "美食精选", false, 10);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 添加菜单项
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="name"></param>
        /// <param name="description"></param>
        /// <param name="vegetarian"></param>
        /// <param name="price"></param>
        private void AddItem(string name, string description, bool vegetarian, double price)
        {
            MenuItem pItem = new MenuItem(name, description, vegetarian, price);
            m_Items.Add(pItem);
        }

        public Iterator CreateIterator()
        {
            return new DinnerMenuIterator(m_Items);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 外部调用类
    /// </summary>
    public class Waitress
    {
        private PanCakeHouseMenu m_PanCakeHouseMenu;
        private DinnerMenu m_DinnerMenu;

        public Waitress(PanCakeHouseMenu panCakeHouseMenu, DinnerMenu dinnerMenu)
        {
            m_PanCakeHouseMenu = panCakeHouseMenu;
            m_DinnerMenu = dinnerMenu;
        }

        public void PrintMenu()
        {
            Print(m_PanCakeHouseMenu.CreateIterator());
            Print(m_DinnerMenu.CreateIterator());
        }

        private void Print(Iterator pIter)
        {
            MenuItem pItem = null;
            while (pIter.hasNext())
            {
                pItem = pIter.Next() as MenuItem;
                Console.WriteLine(pItem.ToString());
            }
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace IteratorPattern
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Waitress pWaitress = new Waitress(new PanCakeHouseMenu(), new DinnerMenu());
            pWaitress.PrintMenu();
        }
    }
}

4、主要类图