【iOS开发】---- 强大的UI修改工具 UIAppearance

              iOS5及其以后提供了一个比较强大的工具UIAppearance，可以轻松的统一你的界面，它提供如下两个方法：

+ (id)appearance

+ (id)appearanceWhenContainedIn:(Class <>)ContainerClass,...

第一个方法是统一全部改，比如你设置UINavBar的tintColor，你可以这样写：[[UINavigationBar appearance] setTintColor:myColor];
第二个方法是当出现在某个类的出现时候才会改变：例如：

[[UIBarButtonItem appearanceWhenContainedIn:[UINavigationBar class], [UIPopoverController class], nil] setTintColor:myPopoverNavBarColor];

       另外其它的UI外观修改如下：

       首先定义两个值：

    //这样方便下面多个UI界面设置，textAttributes:字体
    id appearance;
    NSDictionary *textAttributes = nil;

1.导航条

代码如下：

    //导航条
    {
        appearance = [UINavigationBar appearance];
        UIImage *navBackgroundImg =[UIImage imageNamed:@"background_nav"];
        
        [appearance setBackgroundImage:navBackgroundImg forBarMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
    }

2.标签栏（UITabbar）

代码如下：

    //标签栏
    {
        appearance = [UITabBar appearance];
        UIImage *tabBarBackGroungImg =[UIImage imageNamed:@"tabbar_background"];
        [appearance setBackgroundImage:tabBarBackGroungImg];
        
        UIImage * selectionIndicatorImage =[[UIImage imageNamed:@"tabbar_slider"]resizableImageWithCapInsets:UIEdgeInsetsMake(4, 0, 0, 0)] ;
        [appearance setSelectionIndicatorImage:selectionIndicatorImage];
    }

3.分段控件（UISegmentControl）

代码如下：

    //Segmente未选中背景
    {
        //cap insets用来指定哪些区域是固定不变的，未制定的区域则会repeat
        UIImage *segmentSelected = [[UIImage imageNamed:@"bg_o.png"] resizableImageWithCapInsets:UIEdgeInsetsMake(5, 5, 5, 5)];
        
        UIImage *segmentUnselected = [[UIImage imageNamed:@"bg.png"] resizableImageWithCapInsets:UIEdgeInsetsMake(5, 5, 5, 5)];
        
        UIImage *segmentSelectedUnselected = [UIImage imageNamed:@"line.png"] ;
        
        UIImage *segUnselectedSelected = [UIImage imageNamed:@"line.png"] ;
        
        UIImage *segmentUnselectedUnselected = [UIImage imageNamed:@"line.png"];
        
        
        appearance = [UISegmentedControl appearance];
        
        [appearance setBackgroundImage:segmentUnselected
                              forState:stateNormal
                            barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
        
        //Segmente选中背景
        [appearance setBackgroundImage:segmentSelected
                              forState:stateSelected
                            barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
        
        //Segmente左右都未选中时的分割线
        //BarMetrics表示navigation bar的状态，UIBarMetricsDefault 表示portrait状态（44pixel height），UIBarMetricsLandscapePhone 表示landscape状态（32pixel height）
        
        [appearance setDividerImage:segmentUnselectedUnselected
                forLeftSegmentState:stateNormal
                  rightSegmentState:stateNormal
                         barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
        
        [appearance setDividerImage:segmentSelectedUnselected
                forLeftSegmentState:stateSelected
                  rightSegmentState:stateNormal
                         barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
        
        [appearance setDividerImage:segUnselectedSelected
                forLeftSegmentState:stateNormal
                  rightSegmentState:stateSelected
                         barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
        
        //字体
        textAttributes = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:
                          BAR_BUTTON_TITLE_SHADOW_COLOR,UITextAttributeTextColor,
                          BAR_BUTTON_TITLE_FONT,UITextAttributeFont,
                          BAR_BUTTON_TITLE_TEXT_COLOR,UITextAttributeTextShadowColor,
                          [NSValue valueWithCGSize:CGSizeMake(1, 1)],UITextAttributeTextShadowOffset,
                          nil];
        
        [appearance setTitleTextAttributes:textAttributes forState:1];
        
        textAttributes = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:
                          BAR_BUTTON_TITLE_TEXT_COLOR,UITextAttributeTextColor,
                          BAR_BUTTON_TITLE_FONT,UITextAttributeFont,
                          BAR_BUTTON_TITLE_SHADOW_COLOR,UITextAttributeTextShadowColor,
                          [NSValue valueWithCGSize:CGSizeMake(1, 1)],UITextAttributeTextShadowOffset,
                          nil];
        
        [appearance setTitleTextAttributes:textAttributes forState:0];
    }

4.UIBarbutton

注意：UIBarbutton有leftBarButton，rightBarButton和backBarButton，其中backBarButton由于带有箭头，需要单独设置。

barButton背景设置是ios6.0及以后的，而backbutton是ios5.0及以后的，这里要注意！

代码如下：

    //UIBarButtonItem
    {
        //只是修改导航条上的UIBarButtonItem
        appearance = [UIBarButtonItem appearanceWhenContainedIn:[UINavigationBar class], nil];
        //backBarButton和leftBarButton，rightBarButton的字体同时设置
        textAttributes = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:
                          BAR_BUTTON_TITLE_TEXT_COLOR,UITextAttributeTextColor,
                          BAR_BUTTON_TITLE_FONT,UITextAttributeFont,
                          BAR_BUTTON_TITLE_SHADOW_COLOR,UITextAttributeTextShadowColor,
                          [NSValue valueWithCGSize:CGSizeMake(1, 1)],UITextAttributeTextShadowOffset,
                          nil];
        
        [appearance setTitleTextAttributes:textAttributes forState:0];
        
        textAttributes = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:
                          BAR_BUTTON_TITLE_SHADOW_COLOR,UITextAttributeTextColor,
                          BAR_BUTTON_TITLE_FONT,UITextAttributeFont,
                          BAR_BUTTON_TITLE_TEXT_COLOR,UITextAttributeTextShadowColor,
                          [NSValue valueWithCGSize:CGSizeMake(1, 1)],UITextAttributeTextShadowOffset,
                          nil];
        
        [appearance setTitleTextAttributes:textAttributes forState:1];
        
        UIImage *leftButton = [[UIImage imageNamed:@"bgLeftButton.png"] stretchableImageWithLeftCapWidth:14 topCapHeight:0];
        
        UIImage *normalButton = [[UIImage imageNamed:@"bgNormalButton.png"] resizableImageWithCapInsets:UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 5, 0, 5)];
        
        //leftBarButton，rightBarButton背景
        [appearance setBackgroundImage:normalButton
                              forState:UIControlStateNormal
                                 style:UIBarButtonItemStyleBordered
                            barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
        
        [appearance setBackgroundImage:normalButton
                              forState:UIControlStateHighlighted
                                 style:UIBarButtonItemStyleBordered
                            barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
        
        //单独设置backBarButton背景
        [appearance setBackButtonBackgroundImage:leftButton
                                        forState:0
                                      barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
        
        [appearance setBackButtonBackgroundImage:leftButton
                                        forState:1
                                      barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
        
        [appearance setBackButtonTitlePositionAdjustment:UIOffsetMake(2, -1)
                                           forBarMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
        
    }

5.工具栏（UIToolbar）

代码如下：

    //toolBar
    {
        appearance = [UIToolbar appearance];
        //样式和背景二选一即可，看需求了
        //样式（黑色半透明，不透明等）设置
        [appearance setBarStyle:UIBarStyleBlackTranslucent];
        //背景设置
        [appearance setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"background_nav.png"]
                    forToolbarPosition:UIToolbarPositionAny barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
    }

补充一个需要注意的地方：全局的设置最好在所有界面初始化前开始设置，否则可能失效。