Spring中为了减少xml中配置,可以声明一个配置类(例如SpringConfig)来对bean进行配置。
Spring Boot不是spring的加强版,所以@Configuration和@Bean同样可以用在普通的spring项目中,而不是Spring Boot特有的,只是在spring用的时候,注意加上扫包配置
<context:component-scan base-package="com.xxx.xxx" />,普通的spring项目好多注解都需要扫包,才有用,有时候自己注解用的挺6,但不起效果,就要注意这点。
Spring Boot则不需要,主要你保证你的启动Spring Boot main入口,在这些类的上层包就行
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_16605855/article/details/78962583
一、首先,需要xml中进行少量的配置来启动Java配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="SpringStudy.Model">
</context:component-scan>
</beans>
二、定义一个配置类
用@Configuration注解该类,等价 与XML中配置beans;用@Bean标注方法等价于XML中配置bean。
代码如下:
package SpringStudy;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import SpringStudy.Model.Counter;
import SpringStudy.Model.Piano;
@Configuration
public class SpringConfig {
@Bean
public Piano piano(){
return new Piano();
}
@Bean(name = "counter")
public Counter counter(){
return new Counter(12,"Shake it Off",piano());
}
}
三、基础类代码
Counter:
......
Piano:
......
四、调用测试类
package webMyBatis;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import SpringStudy.Model.Counter;
public class SpringTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring/bean.xml");// 读取bean.xml中的内容
ApplicationContext annotationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext("SpringStudy");
Counter c = annotationContext.getBean("counter", Counter.class);// 创建bean的引用对象
System.out.println(c.getMultiplier());
System.out.println(c.isEquals());
System.out.println(c.getSong());
System.out.println(c.getInstrument().getName());
}
}
注意:如果是在xml中配置beans和bean的话,或者使用自动扫描调用的话,代码为
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring/bean.xml");// 读取bean.xml中的内容
Counter c = ctx.getBean("counter", Counter.class);// 创建bean的引用对象