spring、springMVC、SpringBoot这一系列对AOP都有很好的支持(其实都是Spring管理的)
一。概念
(1)面向切面编程,实际上就是给某个方法(或者某些),做一个代理,,很抽象?代理模式详解
代理可以抽象出来,为类似方法进行代理,,从而降低代码量,(相同的功能,如关闭流什么的,只写一次,不仅方便维护,大大减少了工作量)
(2)切点,
指的是,对那个方法进行代理,或者某些方法。
切点方法需要 @Pointcut
@Pointcut("execution(public * xatu.zsl.contoller.*.*(..))")
public void poincut(){}
(3)通知
即对 被代理方法,加上的操作。
- 前置通知 @Before(“poincut()”)
- 后置通知 @After(“poincut()”)
- 返回时通知 @AfterReturning(pointcut = “poincut()”,returning = “object”) returning指定返回对象。
- 抛出异常时通知 @AfterThrowing(“poincut()”)
- 环绕通知 @Around(“poincut()”)
二。使用
前置通知 @Before(“poincut()”)
@Before("poincut()")
public void before(JoinPoint joinPoint){
logger.info("before");
ServletRequestAttributes attributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
HttpServletRequest request = attributes.getRequest();
//获取URL
logger.info("url={}",request.getRequestURL());
//请求方法
logger.info("mathod={}",request.getMethod());
//ip
logger.info("ip={}",request.getRemoteAddr());
//类方法
logger.info("class_method{}",joinPoint.getSignature().getDeclaringTypeName()+"."+joinPoint.getSignature().getName());
//参数
logger.info("args={}",joinPoint.getArgs());
}
后置通知 @After(“poincut()”)
@After("poincut()")
public void after(){
logger.info("after");
}
返回时通知 @AfterReturning(pointcut = “poincut()”,returning = “object”) returning指定返回对象。
@AfterReturning(pointcut = "poincut()",returning = "object")
public void afterReturning(Object object){
logger.info("return = {}",object.toString());
// logger.info("return = ");
}
抛出异常时通知 @AfterThrowing(“poincut()”)
@AfterThrowing("poincut()")
public void afterThrowing(){
logger.info("抛出异常了。");
}
环绕通知 @Around(“poincut()”)
@Around("poincut()")
public void around(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable {
logger.info("环绕通知。");
joinPoint.proceed();
}
三。细节
(1)
@AfterReturning和 @Around(“poincut()”),,,会有特殊冲突,,搞了半天
SpringBoot中会出现空指针异常
Spring中启动时会出现错误无法启动,错误代码如下:解决方法(注释掉,@Around(“poincut()”))
警告: Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userService' defined in file [G:\work_space\study_spring\spring_demo\target\classes\xatu\zsl\service\UserServiceImpl.class]: Initialization of bean failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: error at ::0 can't find referenced pointcut poincut
Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userService' defined in file [G:\work_space\study_spring\spring_demo\target\classes\xatu\zsl\service\UserServiceImpl.class]: Initialization of bean failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: error at ::0 can't find referenced pointcut poincut
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:553)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:482)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:306)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:776)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:861)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:541)
at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:139)
at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:83)
at xatu.zsl.MainTest.main(MainTest.java:16)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:483)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:147)
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: error at ::0 can't find referenced pointcut poincut
at org.aspectj.weaver.tools.PointcutParser.parsePointcutExpression(PointcutParser.java:301)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJExpressionPointcut.buildPointcutExpression(AspectJExpressionPointcut.java:207)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJExpressionPointcut.checkReadyToMatch(AspectJExpressionPointcut.java:193)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJExpressionPointcut.getClassFilter(AspectJExpressionPointcut.java:170)
at org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.canApply(AopUtils.java:220)
at org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.canApply(AopUtils.java:279)
at org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.findAdvisorsThatCanApply(AopUtils.java:311)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.AbstractAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.findAdvisorsThatCanApply(AbstractAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.java:118)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.AbstractAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.findEligibleAdvisors(AbstractAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.java:88)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.AbstractAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean(AbstractAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.java:69)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.AbstractAutoProxyCreator.wrapIfNecessary(AbstractAutoProxyCreator.java:347)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.AbstractAutoProxyCreator.postProcessAfterInitialization(AbstractAutoProxyCreator.java:299)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:422)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1583)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:545)
... 16 more
(2)JoinPoint joinPoint,参数不能出现在afterReturning(),,中,,不知道为什么,,容易出错,,