datetime module

一、datetime 模块下包含下面几个类

1.datetime
(1)method
[datetime.today()]
    不能加时区参数，返回当前时间，相当于datetime.fromtimestamp(time.time())

[datetime.now([tz])]
    可以加时区参数，如果不加时区参数，相当于datetime.today()

[datetime.utcnow()]
    不能加时区参数，返回当前UTC时间

[datetime.fromtimestamp(timestamp[, tz])]
    将时间戳转化为当前时间，可指定时区，结合strftime可指定日期格式

[datetime.utcfromtimestamp(timestamp)]
    将时间戳转化为UTC当前时间，结合strftime可指定日期格式

[datetime.strptime(date_string, format)]
    将字符串格式时间，转化为指定格式日期类型


(2)获取属性值
datetime.min
datetime.max
datetime.resolution
datetime.year
datetime.month
datetime.day
datetime.hour
datetime.minute
datetime.second
datetime.microsecond
datetime.tzinfo

(3)datetime类型和timedelta类型可做加减法比较运算

2.date

3.time

4.timedelta

5.tzinfo


6.帮助文档行

https://docs.python.org/2/library/datetime.html

二、datetime实例讲解
1.[utcfromtimestamp] 将时间戳时间转换为指定日期格式
>>> import datetime
>>> time_second = 1428394912
>>> datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(time_second)
datetime.datetime(2015, 4, 7, 8, 21, 52)
>>> datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(time_second).strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
'2015-04-07 08:21:52'

2.[now(), strftime()] 获取当前时间并转化为指定日期格式
>>> now = datetime.datetime.now()
>>> now
datetime.datetime(2015, 4, 7, 17, 18, 1, 708322)
>>> now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
'2015-04-07 17:18:01'

3.获得两天前的时间的方法

#先获得时间数组格式的日期
>>> two_days = datetime.datetime.now() - datetime.timedelta(days=2)
>>> two_days
datetime.datetime(2015, 4, 5, 18, 16, 20, 263110)
>>> two_days.timetuple()
time.struct_time(tm_year=2015, tm_mon=4, tm_mday=5, tm_hour=18, tm_min=16, tm_sec=20, tm_wday=6, tm_yday=95, tm_isdst=-1)

#转换为时间戳:
>>> time.mktime(two_days.timetuple())
1428228980.0
>>> two_days.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
'2015-04-05 18:16:20'

注:timedelta()的参数有:days,hours,seconds,microseconds