Linux：网络编程 (下)

服务器模型：

1. 循环服务器：服务器在同一时刻只能相应一个客户端的请求.
2. 并发服务器：服务器在同一个时刻可以相应多个客户端的请求.

 

UDP循环服务器：（最基本模式）

socket();

bind(...);

while(true)  {

    recvfrom(...);

    process(...);    \\初始化;

    sendto(...);

}

 

TCP循环服务器：（最基本模式）                                   TCP并发服务器：

socket();                                                                        scoket();

bind(...);                                                                         bind(...);

listen(...);                                                                       listen(...);

while(true) {                                                                 while(1) {

     accept(...);                                                                     accept(...);

     process(...);                                                                   if( fork(...) == 0) {

     close(...);                                                                                process(...);

}                                                                                                   close(...);

                                                                                                      exit(...);

                                                                                               }

                                                                                        close(...);

                                                                                        }

 

例子：

\\  TCP并发服务器

#include <string.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>

#define portnumber 3333

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
 int sockfd,new_fd;
 struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
 struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
 int sin_size;
 int nbytes;
 char buffer[1024];
 

 
 if(( sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0)) == -1) // AF_INET:IPV4;SOCK_STREAM:TCP
 {
  fprintf(stderr,"Socket error:%s\n\a",strerror(errno));
  exit(1);
 }

 
 bzero(&server_addr,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)); // 初始化,置0
 server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;                 // Internet
 server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);  // (将本机器上的long数据转化为网络上的long数据)和任何主机通信  //INADDR_ANY 表示可以接收任意IP地址的数据，即绑定到所有的IP
 //server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("192.168.1.1");  //用于绑定到一个固定IP,inet_addr用于把数字加格式的ip转化为整形ip
 server_addr.sin_port = htons(portnumber);         // (将本机器上的short数据转化为网络上的short数据)端口号
 
 
 if( bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)(&server_addr), sizeof(struct sockaddr)) == -1)
 {
  fprintf(stderr,"Bind error:%s\n\a",strerror(errno));
  exit(1);
 }

 
 if( listen(sockfd,5) == -1)
 {
  fprintf(stderr,"Listen error:%s\n\a",strerror(errno));
  exit(1);
 }

 while(1)
 {
  
  sin_size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
  if(( new_fd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)(&client_addr), &sin_size)) == -1)
  {
   fprintf(stderr,"Accept error:%s\n\a",strerror(errno));
   exit(1);
  }
  fprintf(stderr,"Server get connection from %s\n",inet_ntoa(client_addr.sin_addr)); // 将网络地址转换成.字符串
  
  if(( nbytes = read(new_fd,buffer,1024)) == -1)
  {
   fprintf(stderr,"Read Error:%s\n",strerror(errno));
   exit(1);
  }
  
  buffer[nbytes]='\0';
  printf("nbytes = %d\n",nbytes);
  printf("Server received %s\n",buffer);
  
  
  close(new_fd);
  
 }

 
 close(sockfd);
 exit(0);
}

 

\\ TCP客户端

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>

#define portnumber 3333

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
 int sockfd;
 char buffer[1024];
 struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
 struct hostent *host;

       
 if(argc!=2)
 {
  fprintf(stderr,"Usage:%s hostname \a\n",argv[0]);
  exit(1);
 }

 if(( host = gethostbyname(argv[1])) == NULL)
 {
  fprintf(stderr,"Gethostname error\n");
  exit(1);
 }

 
 if(( sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0)) == -1) // AF_INET:Internet;SOCK_STREAM:TCP
 {
  fprintf(stderr,"Socket Error:%s\a\n",strerror(errno));
  exit(1);
 }

 
 bzero(&server_addr,sizeof(server_addr)); // 初始化,置0
 server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;          // IPV4
 server_addr.sin_port = htons(portnumber);  // (将本机器上的short数据转化为网络上的short数据)端口号
 server_addr.sin_addr = *((struct in_addr *)host->h_addr); // IP地址
 
 
 if( connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)(&server_addr), sizeof(struct sockaddr)) == -1)
 {
  fprintf(stderr,"Connect Error:%s\a\n",strerror(errno));
  exit(1);
 }

 
 printf("Please input char:\n");
 
 
 fgets(buffer,1024,stdin);
 write(sockfd,buffer,strlen(buffer));

 
 close(sockfd);
 exit(0);
}

 

基础编程的终于全部搞定~~~~爽！！！！哈哈~~