浅谈对CountDownLatch和CyclicBarrier的理解

先说一下CountDownLatch（看下列代码）

  public class UseCountDownLatch {
	public static void main(String[] args) {	
		final CountDownLatch countDown = new CountDownLatch(2);
		
		Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				try {
					System.out.println("进入线程t1" + "等待其他线程处理完成...");
					countDown.await();
					System.out.println("t1线程继续执行...");
				} catch (InterruptedException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		},"t1");
		
		Thread t2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				try {
					System.out.println("t2线程进行初始化操作...");
					Thread.sleep(3000);
					System.out.println("t2线程初始化完毕，通知t1线程继续...");
					countDown.countDown();
				} catch (InterruptedException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		});
		Thread t3 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				try {
					System.out.println("t3线程进行初始化操作...");
					Thread.sleep(4000);
					System.out.println("t3线程初始化完毕，通知t1线程继续...");
					countDown.countDown();
				} catch (InterruptedException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		});
		
		t1.start();
		t2.start();
		t3.start();		
	}

运行结果：

              

CountDownLatch的主要作用是让一个线程阻塞等待，其他线程执行countDown方法，当countDown的值变为0的时候，该阻塞等待的线程才可向下运行，缺点是不能重用，上述代码中，定义了一个countDownLatch变量，初始值为2，三个线程启动，t1中执行countDownlatch的await方法，t1阻塞，t2和t3继续执行，sleep代表业务操作，当t2或t3执行countDown方法时，countdownlatch的值减1，当countdownlatch的值变为0时，t1才可以继续执行

下面说一下CyclicBarrier：

public class UseCyclicBarrier {

	static class Runner implements Runnable {
	    private CyclicBarrier barrier;
	    private String name;

	    public Runner(CyclicBarrier barrier, String name) {
	        this.barrier = barrier;
	        this.name = name;
	    }
	    @Override
	    public void run() {
	        try {
	            Thread.sleep(1000 * (new Random()).nextInt(5));
	            System.out.println(name + " 准备OK.");
	            barrier.await();
	        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
	            e.printStackTrace();
	        } catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
	            e.printStackTrace();
	        }
	        System.out.println(name + " Go!!");
	    }
	}

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
        CyclicBarrier barrier = new CyclicBarrier(3);  // 3
        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);

        executor.submit(new Thread(new Runner(barrier, "zhangsan")));
        executor.submit(new Thread(new Runner(barrier, "lisi")));
        executor.submit(new Thread(new Runner(barrier, "wangwu")));

        executor.shutdown();
    }

}

运行结果： 

       
CyclicBarrier的作用是当多个线程都到达某个点时，多个线程才一起执行，如果有一个线程没到达barrier（可以理解为赛跑，当所有运动员都到达起点而且准备好的时候，才开始，barrier可以理解为起点），不同于countdownlatch，CyclicBarrier可以重用。如果把上述代码中的

CyclicBarrier barrier = new CyclicBarrier(3)改为4，则所有线程都会阻塞，不会执行下去，因为准备好的线程只有3个