Unittest+Web测试

Unittest+Selenium

(1) 通过Unittest实现用例的组织和执行,selenium驱动Web浏览器。
(2)目的:以云平台为例(http://www.nlecloud.com)一个账户下创建6个项目，每个项目下创建一个设备，每个设备下创建1个传感器和1个执行器,并每隔3s给传感器上报1条数据。

一：环境的部署

(1)chromedriver的驱动版本要和电脑上安装的Chrome浏览器一一对应。具体参考https://blog.csdn.net/huilan_same/article/details/51896672

(2)将chromedriver放在python安装的根目录下；chromedriver放在浏览器安装的目录下。

(3)安装selenium、ddt、xlrd包,通过pip install xxx的方式。

二：目录结构说明

三:创建dataconfig包

(1) 在dataconfig文件下创建NLE1.xlsx，内容如下所示:

四:创建utils公共类
(1)新建opera_excel.py文件操作excel内容

import xlrd
from utils.path_config import FILE_PATH


class OperationExcel:

    def __init__(self,sheet_num):
        self.sheet_num = sheet_num

    # 获取table数据
    def get_data(self):
        data = xlrd.open_workbook(FILE_PATH)
        tables = data.sheets()[self.sheet_num]
        return tables

    # 获取单元格的行数
    def get_lines(self):
        tables = self.get_data()
        return tables.nrows

    # 获取某一个单元格的内容
    def get_cell_value(self,row,col):
        return self.get_data().cell_value(row,col)

    #获取第一行的列数
    def cols_count(self):
        title = self.get_data().row_values(0)
        return len(title)

"""
if __name__ == '__main__':
    s = OperationExcel(0)
    s.cols_count()
"""

(2)创建path_config.py来定义路径

import os

BASE_PATH = os.path.split(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))[0]
print(BASE_PATH)
FILE_PATH = os.path.join(BASE_PATH, 'dataconfig','NLE.xlsx')
TEST_PATH = os.path.join(BASE_PATH, 'test','suite')

四:创建data包

(1)创建get_data.py来获取excel中每行的数据

# 获取excel中各个常量（行号，project_name,industry_category,Networking_Solution）的值


from utils.opera_excel import OperationExcel

class GetData:
    def __init__(self,sheet_num):
        self.opera_excel = OperationExcel(sheet_num)

    # 获取所有数据
    def data(self):
        arr_data1 = []
        rows_count = self.opera_excel.get_lines()
        #行数循环
        for i in range(1,rows_count):
            #列数循环
            arr_data0 = []
            for j in range(0,self.opera_excel.cols_count()):
                row_col_data = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(i,j)
                arr_data0.append(row_col_data)
            arr_data1.append(arr_data0)
        return arr_data1

"""
if __name__ == '__main__':
    s = GetData(0)
    s.data()
"""

五:创建test包，并在其下创建page和suite包

(1)在page下创建base_page.py文件

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait

class BasePage(object):

    def __init__(self):
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()


    def dr_get(self):
        self.base_url = "http://www.nlecloud.com"
        self.driver.get(self.base_url)
        self.driver.maximize_window()
        self.driver.implicitly_wait(8)


    def dr_quit(self):
        self.driver.refresh()
        self.driver.quit()

    def cookie(self):
        self.driver.add_cookie({'name':'NECAUTH','value':'NECAUTH_ETS=2020-07-05+09%3a13%3a50&UserID=75318&Username=&Email=&Telphone=18668102621&Gender=True&CollegeID=0&CollegeName=&RoleID=15&RoleName=%e6%99%ae%e9%80%9a%e4%bc%9a%e5%91%98&EN=46cf87b6f73ff2ce'})
        self.driver.refresh()


class opera_click(BasePage):

    def loc_frame(self,frame):
         self.driver.switch_to.frame(frame)

    def xpath_click(self,xpath):
        self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath).click()


    def xpath_send_keys(self,xpath,str):
        self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath).send_keys(str)


    def sel_list(self,num):
        m = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="Industry"]')
        m.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="Industry"]/option['+ str(num) +']').click()

    def newproject_Sin_button(self,num):
        self.driver.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/div/div/form/div[3]/div/div[' + str(num) + ']/label/div/ins').click()

    def adddevice_Sin_button(self,num):
        self.driver.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/div/div/form/div[2]/div/div[' + str(num) + ']').click()

    def addact_Sin_button(self,num):
        self.driver.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/div/div/form/div[6]/div/div[' + str(num) + ']/label/div/ins').click()

    #判断元素是否存在
    def isElementExist(self,element):
        flag = True
        try:
            self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(element)
            return flag
        except:
            flag = False
            return flag

    #提取文本元素
    def get_text(self,xpath):
        text = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath).text
        return text

    #显式等待
    def show_wait(self,xpath):
        WebDriverWait(self.driver,10,0.5).until(lambda e1: self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath))

(2)在suite下创建add_device.py文件

import sys,os
path2add = os.path.normpath(os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), os.path.pardir, 'page')))
if (not (path2add in sys.path)) :
    sys.path.append(path2add)
import unittest
from data.get_data import GetData
from ddt import ddt,data,unpack
from base_page import opera_click
from time import sleep
from utils.多线程 import Threads
import asyncio

@ddt
class NLE(unittest.TestCase):
    get_data = GetData(0)
    data_all = get_data.data()
    cloud = opera_click()
    L = []
    # tcp = Tcpclient()

    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(cls):
        cls.cloud.dr_get()

    @classmethod
    def tearDownClass(cls):
        cls.cloud.dr_quit()

    def setUp(self):
        self.cloud.cookie()

    @data(*data_all)
    @unpack
    def test_new_device(self,*args):
        if self.cloud.isElementExist('/html/body/header/div/nav/ul/li[5]/a') == True:
            #点击开发者中心按钮
            self.cloud.xpath_click('/html/body/header/div/nav/ul/li[5]/a')
            sleep(1)



        #点击新增项目按钮
        self.cloud.xpath_click('/html/body/div[1]/div/div[1]/div[1]/a')
        #切换到frame框架下
        self.cloud.loc_frame('myModalFrame')
        sleep(1)
        self.cloud.xpath_send_keys('//*[@id="Name"]',args[0])
        #点击"下一步"button按钮
        self.cloud.xpath_click('/html/body/div[1]/div/form/div[5]/div/input')


        #添加设备名称
        self.cloud.xpath_send_keys('//*[@id="Name"]',args[1])
        #添加设备标识符
        self.cloud.xpath_send_keys('//*[@id="Tag"]',args[2])
        #点击"确认添加设备",然后返回到"添加项目"页面
        self.cloud.xpath_click('/html/body/div/div/form/div[6]/div/input')
        """
        # #Bug:project_ID元素出现后，再去获取project_ID,对其显式等待
        self.cloud.show_wait("//span[@class='tag']")

        """
        #页面跳转到项目页面过程中会跳动导致获取不到元素,加上sleep(2)
        sleep(1)

        #获取project_ID
        project_ID = self.cloud.get_text("//span[@class='tag']")
        #点击链接进入添加设备页面
        projectid ="projectid-" + str(project_ID)
        path = "//*[@id=" + "'" + projectid + "'" +  "]/div/div/a[1]/div"
        self.cloud.xpath_click(path)

        #添加传感器和执行器
        #点击设备名称连接按钮,进入传感器页面
        self.cloud.xpath_click('//*[@id="list"]/tbody/tr/td[3]/a[1]')
        sleep(1)
        #点击"+"按钮添加传感器
        self.cloud.xpath_click('/html/body/div[1]/div/div[3]/div[1]/table/tbody/tr/td/a[2]')
        #切换到frame框架下
        self.cloud.loc_frame('myModalFrame')
        """
        #点击"自定义"标签,为了刷新一下，不然传感器名称可能输入不进去
        self.cloud.xpath_click('/html/body/ul/li[1]/a')
        """
        sleep(1)
        #添加传感器名称
        self.cloud.xpath_send_keys('//*[@id="Name"]',args[3])
        #添加传感器标识符
        self.cloud.xpath_send_keys('//*[@id="ApiTag"]',args[4])
        #点击"确认添加设备"
        self.cloud.xpath_click('/html/body/div/div/form/div[7]/div/input[1]')
        sleep(1)
        #点击"+"按钮添加执行器
        self.cloud.xpath_click('/html/body/div[1]/div/div[3]/div[2]/table/tbody/tr/td/a[2]')
        #切换到frame框架下
        self.cloud.loc_frame('myModalFrame')
        """
        #点击"自定义"标签,为了刷新一下，不然执行器名称可能输入不进去
        self.cloud.xpath_click('/html/body/ul/li[1]/a')
        """
        sleep(1)
        #添加执行器名称
        self.cloud.xpath_send_keys('//*[@id="Name"]',args[5])
        #添加执行器标识符
        self.cloud.xpath_send_keys('//*[@id="ApiTag"]',args[6])
        #选择单选按钮"开关型"
        self.cloud.addact_Sin_button(args[7])
        #点击"确认"
        self.cloud.xpath_click('/html/body/div/div/form/div[8]/div/input[1]')

        #页面跳转过程中会跳动导致获取不到元素,加上sleep(2)
        sleep(1)

        #获取SecretKey
        SecretKey = self.cloud.get_text("//td[@class='security-key']")
        #把device_tag,SecretKey,Sensor_tag放在一个元祖内
        T = ()
        T = (args[2],SecretKey,args[3])
        #把不同的元祖放在列表中
        self.L.append(T)
        #print(self.L)

        """
        #通过TCP连接方式上报数据
        self.tcp.tcpclient1(args[2],SecretKey,args[3])
        """

        """
        #Bug:"开发者中心"元素出现后，再去点击"开发者中心",对其显式等待
        self.cloud.show_wait('/html/body/header/div[2]/div/ol/li[2]/a')
        """
        #点击"开发者中心"返回到"添加项目页面"
        self.cloud.xpath_click('/html/body/header/div[2]/div/ol/li[2]/a')


    def test_tcpclient2(self):

        threads = Threads()
        threads.create_thread(self.L)


"""
if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main(verbosity=2)
"""

(3) utils下创建多线程.py文件

#coding=utf-8
import socket
from time import sleep
import time
import threading

#from test.suite.add_device import NLE

class Threads():


    def tcpclient1(self,device_tag,SecretKey,Sensor_tag):

        time_format = '%Y-%m-%d %X'
        s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        s.connect(('117.78.1.201',8600))
        bdevice_tag = device_tag.encode()
        bSecretKey = SecretKey.encode()
        bconnect_cmd = b'{"t":1,"device":"' + bdevice_tag + b'","key":"' + bSecretKey + b'","ver":"v1.3"}\r'
        s.send(bconnect_cmd)
        bSensor_tag = Sensor_tag.encode()
        while True:
            current_time = time.strftime(time_format,time.localtime())
            bcurrent_time = current_time.encode()
            bdata_cmd = b'{"t":3,"datatype":2,"datas":{"' + bSensor_tag + b'":{"' + bcurrent_time + b'":22.5}},"msgid":123}\r'
            s.send(bdata_cmd)
            sleep(3)
            continue


    def create_thread(self,l):

        num = range(len(l))
        threads = []
        #创建多个线程
        for tup in l:
            t = threading.Thread(target=self.tcpclient1,args=tup)
            threads.append(t)

        for t in num:
            threads[t].start()
        for t in num:
            threads[t].join()
        #主线程
        print('Over')

六：创建run_case.py文件

import unittest
from utils.path_config import TEST_PATH

if __name__ == '__main__':
    discover = unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover(TEST_PATH, pattern='*.py')
    runner = unittest.TextTestRunner(verbosity=2)
    runner.run(discover)

七:执行结果

源码下载

地址:https://github.com/songteng2012/Test_Cloud_improve

八:后续

(1)优化脚本,Xpath的轴进行元素定位。
(2)增加断言
(3)增加日志log
(4)发送邮件
(5)持续集成