pytorch:一维线性回归(一)

# -- coding:utf-8 --
import torch
import numpy as np
from torch import nn, optim
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from torch.autograd import Variable
# 设置字体为中文
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False
# 训练数据
x_train = np.array([[3.3],[4.4],[5.5],[6.71],[6.93],[4.168],
                   [9.779],[6.182],[7.59],[2.167],[7.042],
                   [10.791],[5.313],[7.997],[3.1]],dtype=np.float32)
y_train = np.array([[1.7],[2.76],[2.09],[3.19],[1.694],[1.573],
                    [3.366],[2.596],[2.53],[1.221],[2.827],
                    [3.465],[1.65],[2.904],[1.3]],dtype=np.float32)
# 训练数据可视化
plt.scatter(x_train, y_train, marker='o', c='red')
plt.title(label='一维线性回归-原始数据分布展示')
plt.show()
# 把训练数据转换为张量numpy->torch
x_train = torch.from_numpy(x_train)
y_train = torch.from_numpy(y_train)

# 构建线性模型
class LinearRegression(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self):
        super(LinearRegression, self).__init__()
        # 输入和输出的维度都是1
        self.linear = nn.Linear(1, 1)

    def forward(self, x):
        out = self.linear(x)
        return out


if torch.cuda.is_available():
    model = LinearRegression().cuda()
else:
    model = LinearRegression()
# 损失函数：均方误差
criterion = nn.MSELoss()
# 采用随机梯度下降
optimizer = optim.SGD(model.parameters(), lr=1e-3)

num_epochs = 1000  # 训练总次数
ctn = []  # 训练次数
lo = []  # 损失值
for epoch in range(num_epochs):
    if torch.cuda.is_available():
        inputs = Variable(x_train).cuda()
        target = Variable(y_train).cuda()
    else:
        inputs = Variable(x_train)
        target = Variable(y_train)

    # 向前传播
    out = model(inputs)
    loss = criterion(out, target)

    # 向后传播
    optimizer.zero_grad()  # 梯度清零
    loss.backward() # 向后传播
    optimizer.step()  # 更新参数
    # 统计每次对应的损失值
    ctn.append(epoch+1)
    lo.append(loss.item())

    if (epoch + 1) % 20 == 0:
        print('Epoch[{}/{}], loss:{:.6f}'.format(epoch + 1, num_epochs, loss.item()))

model.eval()
if torch.cuda.is_available():
    predict = model(Variable(x_train).cuda())
    predict = predict.data.cpu().numpy()
else:
    predict = model(Variable(x_train))
    predict = predict.data.numpy()

plt.plot(x_train.numpy(), y_train.numpy(),'ro',label='Original Data')
plt.plot(x_train.numpy(), predict, label='拟合的直线')
plt.title(label='拟合的直线')
plt.show()
# 绘制训练次数与损失值之间的关系
plt.plot(ctn,lo)
plt.title(label='训练次数与损失')
plt.xlabel('训练次数')
plt.ylabel('损失值')
plt.show()

实验结果：