RT-Thread系统 STM32 DAC设备改进，直接调用系统DAC驱动函数设置输出电压

前言

RT-Thread系统官方的驱动支持DAC设备比较晚，还不太完善，所以早期的STM32F1等系列基于芯片的工程中并没有DAC设备的驱动，很多人建议直接调用HAL库中的函数操作DAC，但这样操作并不符合RT-Thread的特点，程序风格不统一。

改进过程

其实在Github的官方包里发现有DAC的驱动，但并没有加入STM32F1的芯片库中。经过稍微修改以后，成功加入到STM32F1基于芯片生成的工程中并完美运行。

1.在CubeMX中打开DAC设备

2.在RT-Thread Setting中打开DAC驱动支持

3.修改代码

（1）在/drivers/include/config文件夹下新建dac_config.h

#ifndef __DAC_CONFIG_H__
#define __DAC_CONFIG_H__

#include <rtthread.h>

#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif

#ifdef BSP_USING_DAC1
#ifndef DAC1_CONFIG
#define DAC1_CONFIG                                                    \
    {                                                                  \
       .Instance                      = DAC1,                          \
    }
#endif /* DAC2_CONFIG */
#endif /* BSP_USING_DAC2 */

#ifdef BSP_USING_DAC2
#ifndef DAC2_CONFIG
#define DAC2_CONFIG                                                    \
    {                                                                  \
       .Instance                      = DAC2,                          \
    }
#endif /* DAC2_CONFIG */
#endif /* BSP_USING_DAC2 */

#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif

#endif /* __DAC_CONFIG_H__ */

（2）修改/drivers/include/drv_config.h

在STM32F1系列下增加#include “config/dac_config.h”，代码如下

#if defined(SOC_SERIES_STM32F0)
#include "config/dma_config.h"
#include "config/uart_config.h"
#include "config/spi_config.h"
#include "config/tim_config.h"
#include "config/pwm_config.h"
#include "config/adc_config.h"
#elif defined(SOC_SERIES_STM32F1)
#include "config/dac_config.h" //新增
#include "config/dma_config.h"
#include "config/uart_config.h"
#include "config/spi_config.h"
#include "config/adc_config.h"
#include "config/tim_config.h"
#include "config/sdio_config.h"
#include "config/pwm_config.h"
#include "config/usbd_config.h"
#include "config/pulse_encoder_config.h"

（3）在drivers文件夹下新建drv_dac.c

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2006-2021, RT-Thread Development Team
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 *
 * Change Logs:
 * Date           Author            Notes
 * 2020-06-18     thread-liu        the first version
 * 2020-10-09     thread-liu   Porting for stm32h7xx
 */

#include <board.h>
#include<rtthread.h>
#include<rtdevice.h>

#if defined(BSP_USING_DAC1) || defined(BSP_USING_DAC2)
#include "drv_config.h"

//#define DRV_DEBUG
#define LOG_TAG             "drv.dac"
#include <drv_log.h>

static DAC_HandleTypeDef dac_config[] =
{
#ifdef BSP_USING_DAC1
    DAC1_CONFIG,
#endif

#ifdef BSP_USING_DAC2
    DAC2_CONFIG,
#endif
};

struct stm32_dac
{
    DAC_HandleTypeDef DAC_Handler;
    struct rt_dac_device stm32_dac_device;
};

static struct stm32_dac stm32_dac_obj[sizeof(dac_config) / sizeof(dac_config[0])];

static rt_uint32_t stm32_dac_get_channel(rt_uint32_t channel)
{
    rt_uint32_t stm32_channel = 0;

    switch (channel)
    {
    case  1:
        stm32_channel = DAC_CHANNEL_1;
        break;
    case  2:
        stm32_channel = DAC_CHANNEL_2;
        break;
    default:
        RT_ASSERT(0);
        break;
    }

    return stm32_channel;
}

static rt_err_t stm32_dac_enabled(struct rt_dac_device *device, rt_uint32_t channel)
{
    uint32_t dac_channel;
    DAC_HandleTypeDef *stm32_dac_handler;
    RT_ASSERT(device != RT_NULL);
    stm32_dac_handler = device->parent.user_data;

#if 1
    if ((channel <= 2) && (channel > 0))
    {
        /* set stm32 dac channel */
        dac_channel =  stm32_dac_get_channel(channel);
    }
    else
    {
      LOG_E("dac channel must be 1 or 2.");
      return -RT_ERROR;
    }
    HAL_DAC_Start(stm32_dac_handler, dac_channel);
#endif

    return RT_EOK;
}

static rt_err_t stm32_dac_disabled(struct rt_dac_device *device, rt_uint32_t channel)
{
    uint32_t dac_channel;
    DAC_HandleTypeDef *stm32_dac_handler;
    RT_ASSERT(device != RT_NULL);
    stm32_dac_handler = device->parent.user_data;

#if 1
    if ((channel <= 2) && (channel > 0))
    {
        /* set stm32 dac channel */
        dac_channel =  stm32_dac_get_channel(channel);
    }
    else
    {
      LOG_E("dac channel must be 1 or 2.");
      return -RT_ERROR;
    }
    HAL_DAC_Stop(stm32_dac_handler, dac_channel);
#endif

    return RT_EOK;
}

static rt_err_t stm32_set_dac_value(struct rt_dac_device *device, rt_uint32_t channel, rt_uint32_t *value)
{
    uint32_t dac_channel;
    DAC_ChannelConfTypeDef DAC_ChanConf;
    DAC_HandleTypeDef *stm32_dac_handler;

    RT_ASSERT(device != RT_NULL);
    RT_ASSERT(value != RT_NULL);

    stm32_dac_handler = device->parent.user_data;

    rt_memset(&DAC_ChanConf, 0, sizeof(DAC_ChanConf));

#if 1
    if ((channel <= 2) && (channel > 0))
    {
        /* set stm32 dac channel */
        dac_channel =  stm32_dac_get_channel(channel);
    }
    else
    {
      LOG_E("dac channel must be 1 or 2.");
      return -RT_ERROR;
    }
#endif

#if 1
    DAC_ChanConf.DAC_Trigger      = DAC_TRIGGER_NONE;
    DAC_ChanConf.DAC_OutputBuffer = DAC_OUTPUTBUFFER_DISABLE;
#endif
    /* config dac out channel*/
    if (HAL_DAC_ConfigChannel(stm32_dac_handler, &DAC_ChanConf, dac_channel) != HAL_OK)
    {
        LOG_D("Config dac out channel Error!\n");
        return -RT_ERROR;
    }
    /* set dac channel out value*/
    if (HAL_DAC_SetValue(stm32_dac_handler, dac_channel, DAC_ALIGN_12B_R, *value) != HAL_OK)
    {
        LOG_D("Setting dac channel out value Error!\n");
        return -RT_ERROR;
    }
    /* start dac */
    if (HAL_DAC_Start(stm32_dac_handler, dac_channel) != HAL_OK)
    {
        LOG_D("Start dac Error!\n");
        return -RT_ERROR;
    }

    return RT_EOK;
}

static const struct rt_dac_ops stm_dac_ops =
{
    .disabled = stm32_dac_disabled,
    .enabled  = stm32_dac_enabled,
    .convert  = stm32_set_dac_value,
};

static int stm32_dac_init(void)
{
    int result = RT_EOK;
    /* save dac name */
    char name_buf[5] = {'d', 'a', 'c', '0', 0};
    int i = 0;

    for (i = 0; i < sizeof(dac_config) / sizeof(dac_config[0]); i++)
    {
        /* dac init */
        name_buf[3] = '0';
        stm32_dac_obj[i].DAC_Handler = dac_config[i];
#if defined(DAC1)
        if (stm32_dac_obj[i].DAC_Handler.Instance == DAC1)
        {
            name_buf[3] = '1';
        }
#endif
#if defined(DAC2)
        if (stm32_dac_obj[i].dac_Handler.Instance == DAC2)
        {
            name_buf[3] = '2';
        }
#endif
        if (HAL_DAC_Init(&stm32_dac_obj[i].DAC_Handler) != HAL_OK)
        {
            LOG_E("%s init failed", name_buf);
            result = -RT_ERROR;
        }
        else
        {
            /* register dac device */
            if (rt_hw_dac_register(&stm32_dac_obj[i].stm32_dac_device, name_buf, &stm_dac_ops, &stm32_dac_obj[i].DAC_Handler) == RT_EOK)
            {
                LOG_D("%s init success", name_buf);
            }
            else
            {
                LOG_E("%s register failed", name_buf);
                result = -RT_ERROR;
            }
        }
    }

    return result;
}
INIT_DEVICE_EXPORT(stm32_dac_init);

#endif /* BSP_USING_DAC */

（4）在drivers/board.h中声明使用的DAC设备名称

增加如下代码

#define BSP_USING_DAC1

示例程序

这里引用了官方的示例程序，运行正常

/*
 * 程序清单： DAC 设备使用例程
 * 例程导出了 dac_sample 命令到控制终端
 * 命令调用格式：dac_sample
 * 程序功能：通过 DAC 设备将数字值转换为模拟量，并输出电压值。
 *           示例代码参考电压为3.3V,转换位数为12位。
*/

#include <rtthread.h>
#include <rtdevice.h>

#define DAC_DEV_NAME        "dac1"  /* DAC 设备名称 */
#define DAC_DEV_CHANNEL     1       /* DAC 通道 */
#define REFER_VOLTAGE       330         /* 参考电压 3.3V,数据精度乘以100保留2位小数*/
#define CONVERT_BITS        (1 << 12)   /* 转换位数为12位 */

static int dac_vol_sample(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    rt_dac_device_t dac_dev;
    rt_uint32_t value, vol;
    rt_err_t ret = RT_EOK;

    /* 查找设备 */
    dac_dev = (rt_dac_device_t)rt_device_find(DAC_DEV_NAME);
    if (dac_dev == RT_NULL)
    {
        rt_kprintf("dac sample run failed! can't find %s device!\n", DAC_DEV_NAME);
        return RT_ERROR;
    }

    /* 使能设备 */
    ret = rt_dac_enable(dac_dev, DAC_DEV_CHANNEL);

    /* 设置输出值 */
    value = atoi(argv[1]);
    rt_dac_write(dac_dev, DAC_DEV_CHANNEL, value);
    rt_kprintf("the value is :%d \n", value);

    /* 转换为对应电压值 */
    vol = value * REFER_VOLTAGE / CONVERT_BITS;
    rt_kprintf("the voltage is :%d.%02d \n", vol / 100, vol % 100);
    
    return ret;
}
/* 导出到 msh 命令列表中 */
MSH_CMD_EXPORT(dac_vol_sample, dac voltage convert sample);