返回外部矩形边界
寻找最小包围矩形
寻找最小包围圆形
用椭圆拟合二维点集
逼近多边形曲线
例程: 创建包围轮廓的矩形边界
#include <opencv2\opencv.hpp>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
int main()
{
RNG& rng = theRNG();
int count = rng.uniform(3, 103);// 随机生成点的数量
//初始化变量
Mat image(600, 600, CV_8UC3);
//循环, 按下ESC, Q, q键程序退出, 否则有键按下便一直更新
while (1)
{
//参数初始化
vector<Point> points; // 点值
//随机生成点坐标
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
Point point;
point.x = rng.uniform(image.cols / 4, image.cols * 3 / 4);
point.y = rng.uniform(image.rows / 4, image.rows * 3 / 4);
points.push_back(point);
}
//对给定的2D点集, 寻找最小面积的包围矩形
RotatedRect box = minAreaRect(Mat(points));
Point2f vertex[4];
box.points(vertex);
//绘制出随机颜色的点
image = Scalar::all(0);
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
circle(image, points[i], 3, Scalar(rng.uniform(0, 255), rng.uniform(0, 255), rng.uniform(0, 255)), FILLED, LINE_8);
}
//绘制出最小面积的包围矩形
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
line(image, vertex[i], vertex[(i + 1) % 4], Scalar(100, 200, 211), 2, LINE_8);
}
imshow("矩形包围实例", image);
//按下esc q Q 退出
char key = waitKey();
if (key == 27 || key == 'q' || key == 'Q')
{
break;
}
}
waitKey(0);
return 0;
}
效果
例程: 创建包围轮廓的圆形边界
#include <opencv2\opencv.hpp>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
int main()
{
RNG& rng = theRNG();
int count = rng.uniform(3, 103);// 随机生成点的数量
//初始化变量
Mat image(600, 600, CV_8UC3);
//循环, 按下ESC, Q, q键程序退出, 否则有键按下便一直更新
while (1)
{
//参数初始化
vector<Point> points; // 点值
//随机生成点坐标
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
Point point;
point.x = rng.uniform(image.cols / 4, image.cols * 3 / 4);
point.y = rng.uniform(image.rows / 4, image.rows * 3 / 4);
points.push_back(point);
}
//对给定的2D点集, 寻找最小面积的包围圆
Point2f center;
float radius = 0;
minEnclosingCircle(Mat(points), center, radius);
//绘制出随机颜色的点
image = Scalar::all(0);
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
circle(image, points[i], 3, Scalar(rng.uniform(0, 255), rng.uniform(0, 255), rng.uniform(0, 255)), FILLED, LINE_8);
}
//绘制出最小面积的包围圆
circle(image, center, cvRound(radius), Scalar(rng.uniform(0, 255), rng.uniform(0, 255), rng.uniform(0, 255)), 2, LINE_8);
imshow("圆形包围实例", image);
//按下esc q Q 退出
char key = waitKey();
if (key == 27 || key == 'q' || key == 'Q')
{
break;
}
}
waitKey(0);
return 0;
}
效果
例程: 使用多边形包围轮廓
#include <opencv2\opencv.hpp>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
#define WINDOW_NAME1 "[原始图窗口]"
#define WINDOW_NAME2 "[效果图窗口]"
// 全局变量
Mat g_srcImage;
Mat g_grayImage;
int g_nThresh = 50; // 阈值
int g_nMaxThresh = 255; //阈值最大值
RNG g_rng(12345); // 随机数生成器
//全局函数声明部分
void on_ContourChange(int, void*);
int main()
{
//1.载入3通道图像
g_srcImage = imread("700levi.jpg");
//2.得到原图的灰度图并进行平滑
cvtColor(g_srcImage, g_grayImage, COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
blur(g_grayImage, g_grayImage, Size(3, 3));
//3.创建原始图窗口并显示
namedWindow(WINDOW_NAME1, WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
imshow(WINDOW_NAME1, g_srcImage);
//4.设置滚动条并调用一次回调函数
createTrackbar("阈值: ", WINDOW_NAME1, &g_nThresh, g_nMaxThresh, on_ContourChange);
on_ContourChange(0, 0);
waitKey(0);
return 0;
}
void on_ContourChange(int, void*) {
//定义参数
Mat threshold_output;
vector<vector<Point>> contours;
vector<Vec4i> hierarchy;
//使用Threshold 检测边缘
threshold(g_grayImage, threshold_output, g_nThresh, 255, THRESH_BINARY);
//找出轮廓
findContours(threshold_output, contours, hierarchy, RETR_TREE, CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE, Point(0, 0));
//多边形逼近轮廓 + 获取矩形和圆形边界框
vector<vector<Point>> contours_poly(contours.size());
vector<Rect> boundRect(contours.size());
vector<Point2f> center(contours.size());
vector<float> radius(contours.size());
//一个循环,遍历所有部分, 进行本程序核心操作
for (int i = 0; i < contours.size(); i++)
{
approxPolyDP(Mat(contours[i]), contours_poly[i], 3, true); // 用指定精度逼近多边形曲线
boundRect[i] = boundingRect(Mat(contours_poly[i])); // 计算点集的最外面的矩形边界
minEnclosingCircle(contours_poly[i], center[i], radius[i]); // 对给定的2D点集, 寻找最小面积的包围圆形
}
//绘制多边形轮廓 + 包围的矩形框 + 圆形框
Mat drawing = Mat::zeros(threshold_output.size(), CV_8UC3);
for (int i = 0; i < contours.size(); i++)
{
Scalar color = Scalar(g_rng.uniform(0, 255), g_rng.uniform(0, 255), g_rng.uniform(0, 255)); // 设置随机颜色
drawContours(drawing, contours_poly, i, color, 1, 8, vector<Vec4i>(), 0, Point());// 绘制轮廓
rectangle(drawing, boundRect[i].tl(), boundRect[i].br(), color, 2, 9, 0);// 绘制矩形
circle(drawing, center[i], (int)radius[i], color, 2, 9, 0);// 绘制圆
}
//显示效果窗口
namedWindow(WINDOW_NAME2, WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
imshow(WINDOW_NAME2, drawing);
}
效果