c#索引器学习笔记1

索引器提供了一种对类内部元素的访问方法，通过索引器，我们可以方便的控制对元素的访问，它其实就是带参数的属性。索引器一般用在类内部有数组的情况，不论是基本数据类型数组，还是类数组（主要靠ArrayList实现）。

先看个简单的例子，它实现了单一整形输入参数的索引器。

class A

{

        private int [] id = new int[10];

        public int this [int index]

        {

                get

                {

                        if (index>=0 && index<=9)

                                return id[index];

                        else

                                return -1;

                }

                set
                {
                        if (index >= 0 && index <= 9)
                               id[index] = value;
                }

        }

}

以后就可以通过  实例名加[数字]  的方式访问id中的元素了。

 

下来换个参数为字符串的，实际上只要把索引器看成一个函数就行了。

class B

{

        private string[] ClientName = new string[121];
        public string this[string index]
        {
            get { return ClientName[Int32.Parse(index)]; }
            set { ClientName[Convert.ToInt32(index)] = value; }
        }

}

访问时采用如下格式：

B b = new B();

b["0"] = "Tom";

 

上面的例子都是使用静态数组，下面换个动态的看看，使用下HashTable。

Class C

{

        private Hashtable a = new Hashtable();
        public string this[string key]
        {
            get
            {
                foreach (DictionaryEntry d in a)
                {
                    if (d.Key.ToString() == key)
                        return d.Value.ToString();
                }
                return null;
            }
            set
            {
                a.Add(key, value);
            }
        }

}

访问如下：

C c = new C();

c["Tom's nickname"] = "Tommy";

 

再看看多参数的情况，使用类数组。

先声明一个类，类似C中的结构体保存数据。

class info
    {
        private string name;
        private int courseID;
        private int score;

        public info(string name, int ID, int score)
        {
            this.name = name;
            this.courseID = ID;
            this.score = score;
        }
        public string Name
        {
            get { return name; }
            set { name = value; }
        }
        public int CourseID
        {
            get { if (CourseID >=10 && CourseID <=100)
                return courseID;
            return 0;
            }
            set { courseID = value; }
        }
        public int Score
        {
            get { return score; }
            set { score = value; }
        }
    }

然后再声明含有索引器的类：

class infoarray
    {
        private ArrayList list;
        public infoarray()
        {
            list = new ArrayList();
        }
        public int this[string name, int ID]
        {
            get
            {
                foreach (info i in list)
                {
                    if (i.Name == name && i.CourseID == ID)
                    {
                        return i.Score;
                    }
                }
                return -1;
            }
            set
            {
                list.Add(new info(name, ID, value));
            }
        }
        public ArrayList this[string name]
        {
            get
            {
                ArrayList l = new ArrayList();
                foreach (info i in list)
                {
                    if (i.Name == name)
                        l.Add(i);
                }
                return l;
            }
        }
    }

 

访问则为:

使用多个参数的索引器：

infoarray arr = new infoarray();
arr["Tom", 1] = 100;
arr["Tom", 2] = 99;
arr["Lily", 1] = 100;

使用一个参数的索引器：

ArrayList l = arr["Tom"];
            foreach (info i in l)