第9章--类

#练习 9-1:
# class Restaurant:
#     """一次模拟餐馆的简单尝试"""
#     def __init__(self,restaurant_name,cuisine_tpye):
#         """初始化餐馆的基础属性"""
#         self.restaurant_name = restaurant_name
#         self.cuisine_tpye = cuisine_tpye
    
#     def describe_restaurant(self):
#         """描述餐馆"""
#         print(f'This restaurant name is {self.restaurant_name}',end=' ')
#         print(f"and its chef's special is {self.cuisine_tpye}.")
    
#     def open_restaurant(self):
#         """指出餐馆正在营业"""
#         print(f'{self.restaurant_name} is open')

# my_restaurant = Restaurant('KFC','Original_Chicken')
# my_restaurant.describe_restaurant()
# my_restaurant.open_restaurant()

#练习 9-2:
# class Restaurant:
#     """一次模拟餐馆的简单尝试"""
#     def __init__(self,restaurant_name,cuisine_tpye):
#         """初始化餐馆的基础属性"""
#         self.restaurant_name = restaurant_name
#         self.cuisine_tpye = cuisine_tpye
    
#     def describe_restaurant(self):
#         """描述餐馆"""
#         print(f'This restaurant name is {self.restaurant_name}',end=' ')
#         print(f"and its chef's special is {self.cuisine_tpye}.")
    
#     def open_restaurant(self):
#         """指出餐馆正在营业"""
#         print(f'{self.restaurant_name} is open')

# restaurant_1 = Restaurant('KFC','Original Chicken')
# restaurant_1.describe_restaurant()

# restaurant_2 = Restaurant('Burger King','Cheese burger')
# restaurant_2.describe_restaurant()

# restaurant_3 = Restaurant("McDonald's",'Big Mac Burger')
# restaurant_3.describe_restaurant()

#练习 9-3:
# class User:
#     def __init__(self,first_name,last_name):
#         self.first_name = first_name
#         self.last_name = last_name
    
#     def describe_user(self):
#         full_name = f'{self.last_name} {self.first_name}'
#         print(f'user name is {full_name.title()}')

#     def greet_user(self):
#         full_name = f'{self.last_name} {self.first_name}'
#         print(f"Good moring,dear {full_name.title()}")

# user_1 = User('Steve','Jobs')
# user_1.describe_user()
# user_1.greet_user()

#练习 9-4:
# class Restaurant:
#     """一次模拟餐馆的简单尝试"""
#     def __init__(self,restaurant_name,cuisine_tpye):
#         """初始化餐馆的基础属性"""
#         self.restaurant_name = restaurant_name
#         self.cuisine_tpye = cuisine_tpye
#         self.number_served = 0
    
#     def describe_restaurant(self):
#         """描述餐馆"""
#         print(f'This restaurant name is {self.restaurant_name}',end=' ')
#         print(f"and its chef's special is {self.cuisine_tpye}.")
    
#     def open_restaurant(self):
#         """指出餐馆正在营业"""
#         print(f'{self.restaurant_name} is open')
    
#     def read_number_served(self):
#         """打印一条餐馆至今服务过多少人的消息"""
#         print(f"Our restaurant has served {self.number_served} people.")
    
#     def set_number_served(self,number):
#         """可任意设置已服务人数"""
#         if number >= self.number_served:
#             #禁止对已服务人数进行回调
#             self.number_served = number
#         else:
#             print('You can not roll back an number')
        
#     def increment_number_served(self,add_number):
#         """可更新已服务人数"""
#         self.number_served += add_number 
        

# my_restaurant = Restaurant('KFC','Original_Chicken')
# my_restaurant.read_number_served()
# my_restaurant.number_served = 1
# my_restaurant.read_number_served()

# my_restaurant.set_number_served(50_000)
# my_restaurant.read_number_served()

# my_restaurant.increment_number_served(500)        
# my_restaurant.read_number_served() 
       
#练习 9-5:
# class User:
#     def __init__(self,first_name,last_name):
#         self.first_name = first_name
#         self.last_name = last_name
#         self.login_attempts = 0
        
#     def describe_user(self):
#         """打印用户的姓名"""
#         full_name = f'{self.last_name} {self.first_name}'
#         print(f'user name is {full_name.title()}')

#     def greet_user(self):
#         """向用户道早上好"""
#         full_name = f'{self.last_name} {self.first_name}'
#         print(f"Good moring,dear {full_name.title()}")

#     def increment_login_attempts(self):
#         """尝试登录次数加1"""
#         self.login_attempts += 1
        
#     def reset_login_attempts(self):
#         """将尝试登录次数重置为0"""
#         self.login_attempts = 0
    
#     def read_login_attempts(self):
#         """打印出用户的尝试登录次数"""
#         print(f"Your login attempts have reached {self.login_attempts} times")
        
# user_1 = User('Steve','Jobs')
# user_1.increment_login_attempts()
# user_1.increment_login_attempts()
# user_1.increment_login_attempts()
# user_1.increment_login_attempts()
# user_1.increment_login_attempts()
# user_1.read_login_attempts()
# user_1.reset_login_attempts()
# user_1.read_login_attempts()

#练习 9-6:
# class Restaurant:
#     """一次模拟餐馆的简单尝试"""
#     def __init__(self,restaurant_name,cuisine_tpye):
#         """初始化餐馆的基础属性"""
#         self.restaurant_name = restaurant_name
#         self.cuisine_tpye = cuisine_tpye
#         self.number_served = 0
    
#     def describe_restaurant(self):
#         """描述餐馆"""
#         message = f'This restaurant name is {self.restaurant_name} '
#         message += f"and its chef's special is {self.cuisine_tpye}."
#         print(message)
    
#     def open_restaurant(self):
#         """指出餐馆正在营业"""
#         print(f'{self.restaurant_name} is open')
    
#     def read_number_served(self):
#         """打印一条餐馆至今服务过多少人的消息"""
#         print(f"Our restaurant has served {self.number_served} people.")
    
#     def set_number_served(self,number):
#         """可任意设置已服务人数"""
#         if number >= self.number_served:
#             #禁止对已服务人数进行回调
#             self.number_served = number
#         else:
#             print('You can not roll back an number')
        
#     def increment_number_served(self,add_number):
#         """可更新已服务人数"""
#         self.number_served += add_number
        
        
# class IceCreamStand(Restaurant):
#     def __init__(self,restaurant_name,cuisine_tpye):
#         """
#         初始化餐馆的信息
#         再初始化冰淇淋店特有的属性
#         """
#         super().__init__(restaurant_name,cuisine_tpye)
#         self.flavors = ['coco IceCream','water IceCream','fire IceCream']
    
#     def describe_flavors(self):
#         """显示各种口味的冰淇淋组成的列表"""
#         message = "our Ice-cream shop has these "
#         message += f"{self.flavors} for you to choose"
#         print(message)

# icecream = IceCreamStand('HAPPYNESS SHOP','ICECEAM')
# icecream.describe_flavors()   
    
#练习 9-7:
# class User:
#     def __init__(self,first_name,last_name):
#         self.first_name = first_name
#         self.last_name = last_name
#         self.login_attempts = 0
        
#     def describe_user(self):
#         """打印用户的姓名"""
#         full_name = f'{self.last_name} {self.first_name}'
#         print(f'user name is {full_name.title()}')

#     def greet_user(self):
#         """向用户道早上好"""
#         full_name = f'{self.last_name} {self.first_name}'
#         print(f"Good moring,dear {full_name.title()}")

#     def increment_login_attempts(self):
#         """尝试登录次数加1"""
#         self.login_attempts += 1
        
#     def reset_login_attempts(self):
#         """将尝试登录次数重置为0"""
#         self.login_attempts = 0
    
#     def read_login_attempts(self):
#         """打印出用户的尝试登录次数"""
#         print(f"Your login attempts have reached {self.login_attempts} times")
        
# class Admin(User):
#     def __init__(self,first_name,last_name):
#         """
#         初始化User的信息
#         再初始化Admin特有的属性
#         """
#         super().__init__(first_name,last_name)
#         self.privileges = ['can add post','can delete post','can ban user']
        
#     def show_privileges(self):
#         """显示管理员的权限"""
#         new_privileges = (','.join(self.privileges))
#         print(f"The admin has the following permissions:{new_privileges}.")
    
# my_Admin = Admin('Steve','Jobs')
# my_Admin.show_privileges()
    
#练习 9-8:
# class User:
#     def __init__(self,first_name,last_name):
#         self.first_name = first_name
#         self.last_name = last_name
#         self.login_attempts = 0
        
#     def describe_user(self):
#         """打印用户的姓名"""
#         full_name = f'{self.last_name} {self.first_name}'
#         print(f'{full_name.title()}')

#     def greet_user(self):
#         """向用户道早上好"""
#         full_name = f'{self.last_name} {self.first_name}'
#         print(f"Good moring,dear {full_name.title()}")

#     def increment_login_attempts(self):
#         """尝试登录次数加1"""
#         self.login_attempts += 1
        
#     def reset_login_attempts(self):
#         """将尝试登录次数重置为0"""
#         self.login_attempts = 0
    
#     def read_login_attempts(self):
#         """打印出用户的尝试登录次数"""
#         print(f"Your login attempts have reached {self.login_attempts} times")
        

# class Privileges:
#     """一次模拟管理员权限的尝试"""
#     def __init__(self,privileges = ['can add post','can delete post','can ban user']):
#         """初始化权限的属性"""
#         self.privileges = privileges
        
#     def show_privileges(self):
#         """显示管理员的权限"""
#         new_privileges = (','.join(self.privileges))
#         print(f"The admin has the following permissions:{new_privileges}.")
        
# class Admin(User):
#     def __init__(self,first_name,last_name):
#         """
#         初始化User的信息
#         再初始化Admin特有的属性
#         """
#         super().__init__(first_name,last_name)
#         self.privileges = Privileges()
    
# m_Admin = Admin('Steve','Jobs')
# m_Admin.describe_user()
# m_Admin.privileges.show_privileges()   
    
#练习 9-9:
# class Car():
#     """一次模拟汽车的简单尝试。"""
    
#     def __init__(self, manufacturer, model, year):
#          """初始化描述汽车的属性。"""
#          self.manufacturer = manufacturer
#          self.model = model
#          self.year = year
#          self.odometer_reading = 0
 
#     def get_descriptive_name(self):
#         """返回整洁的描述性信息。"""
#         long_name = f"{self.year} {self.manufacturer} {self.model}"
#         return long_name.title()
 
#     def read_odometer(self):
#         """打印一条指出汽车里程的消息。"""
#         print(f"This car has {self.odometer_reading} miles on it.")
 
#     def update_odometer(self, mileage):
#         """
#         将里程表读数设置为指定的值。
#         禁止将里程表读数往回调。
#         """
#         if mileage >= self.odometer_reading:
#             self.odometer_reading = mileage
#         else:
#             print("You can't roll back an odometer!")
 
#     def increment_odometer(self, miles):
#         """将里程表读数增加指定的量。"""
#         self.odometer_reading += miles
        
# class Battery():
#     """一次模拟电动汽车电瓶的简单尝试。"""
#     def __init__(self, battery_size=75):
#         """初始化电瓶的属性。"""
#         self.battery_size = battery_size
        
#     def describe_battery(self):
#         """打印一条描述电瓶容量的消息。"""
#         print(f"This car has a {self.battery_size}-kWh battery.")
 
#     def get_range(self):
#         """打印一条消息，指出电瓶的续航里程。"""
#         if self.battery_size == 75:
#             range = 260
#         elif self.battery_size == 100:
#             range = 315
    
#         message = f"This car can go approximately {range}"
#         message += " miles on a full charge."
#         print(message)
#     def upgrade_battery(self):
#         """在可能的情况下将电瓶升级。"""
#         if self.battery_size == 75:
#             self.battery_size = 100
#             print("Upgraded the battery to 100 kWh.")
#         else:
#             print("The battery is already upgraded.")
 
# class ElectricCar(Car):
#     """电动汽车的独特之处。"""
#     def __init__(self, manufacturer, model, year):
#         """
#         初始化父类的属性。
#         再初始化电动汽车特有的属性。
#         """
#         super().__init__(manufacturer, model, year)
#         self.battery = Battery()

# my_ElectricCar = ElectricCar('tesla', "model s", 2019)        
# print(my_ElectricCar.get_descriptive_name())
# my_ElectricCar.battery.get_range()
# my_ElectricCar.battery.upgrade_battery()        
# my_ElectricCar.battery.get_range()        
        
#练习 9-10:
# 我将Restaurant类储存进了 restaurant.py 模块 
#接下里便是对一个模块中的一个类进行调用
# from restaurant import Restaurant
# my_restaurant = Restaurant('HAPPYNESS SHOP','ICECEAM')
# my_restaurant.open_restaurant()

#练习 9-11:
#将User类、Admin类、Privileges类储存进 user.py 模块
#接下里便是对一个模块中的多个类进行调用
# from user import Admin
# my_Admin = Admin('Steve','Jobs')
# my_Admin.privileges.show_privileges()

#练习 9-12:
#在一个模块导入另一个模块
# from my_user import User
# #用于调用正常的user
# from my_admin import Admin
# #my_admin模块内只有Admin类和Privileges类
# #因此需要导入my_user模块的User类
# #my_admin模块中的类才能正常使用
# my_User = User('mark','jobs')
# my_User.describe_user()
# MY_Admin = Admin('Steve','Jobs')
# MY_Admin.describe_user()
# MY_Admin.privileges.show_privileges()

#练习 9-13:
# from random import randint
# class Die:
#     def __init__(self,sides=6):
#         """初始化sides默认属性"""
#         """选择骰子面数，默认值为6"""
#         self.sides = sides
    
#     def roll_die(self,times):
#         """打印位于1和骰子面数之间的随机数"""
#         """选择投掷次数"""
#         for time in range(times):
#             print(randint(1,self.sides))
            
# my_die = Die()
# my_die.roll_die(10)
# #6面的骰子投掷10次
# my_die = Die(10)
# my_die.roll_die(10)
# #10面的骰子投掷10次
# my_die = Die(20)
# my_die.roll_die(10)
# #20面的骰子投掷10次

#练习 9-14:
# from random import choice
# list_1 = ['1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','10','a','b','c','d','e']
# list_2 =[]
# def Lottery(m=4):
#     for i in range(m):
#         z = choice(list_1)
#         list_2.append(z)
    
#     list_3 = (''.join(list_2))   
#     return list_3
# ticket_num = Lottery()
# print(f"you will got the prize if your ticket number is {ticket_num}")

#练习 9-15:
# from random import choice
# possibilities = ['1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e']
# class Lottery:
#     def __init__(self,times=10000):
#         """初始化投注次数,默认值为一万"""
#         self.times = times
        
#     def get_win_lottery(self,side=4):
#         """用于生成获奖彩票"""
#         """并选择几位数的彩票,默认值为4"""
#         winning_list = []
#         while len(winning_list) < side:
#             n = choice(possibilities)
#             if n not in winning_list:
#                 #排除重复元素
#                 winning_list.append(n)
#         return winning_list
    
#     def get_new_lottery(self,side=4):
#         """用于随机生成彩票"""
#         ticket = []
#         while len(ticket) < side:
#             n = choice(possibilities)
#             if n not in ticket:
#                 #排除重复元素
#                 ticket.append(n)
#         return ticket   
    
#     def times_lottery(self):
#         """用于获得投注所获彩票列表"""
#         lottery_list = []
#         for x in range(self.times):
#             lottery_list.append(Lottery.get_new_lottery(self))
#         return lottery_list

#     def check_lottery(self):
#         """用于查看需要多少次才能中奖"""
#         count = 0
#         for x in Lottery.times_lottery(self):
#             if x != Lottery.get_win_lottery(self):
#                 count +=1
#             else:
#                 break
#         return count
    
    
# a = Lottery(100000)
# print(f"此次中奖彩票号码是{(''.join(a.get_win_lottery()))}")
# a.times_lottery()    
# print(f'第{a.check_lottery()}张中奖')    
    

#练习 9-16:
# keep going on despite the obstacles and long