网络编程：netty的使用HelloWorld

一 netty是网络通信的一种框架，经过许多公司的实战和使用，效率和可靠性都很不错。不说那么多直接上代码，在上代码之前个人使用的netty的jar包版本。netty-all-5.0.0.Alpha2.jar。网络上都可以下载：代码分为四个部分 Server.java  ,  ServerHandler.java  ,  Client.java  , ClientHandler.java 

1.Server.java  ， ServerHandler.java   作为服务端，接受客户端（Client）的请求。接受客户端（Client）的请求后业务处理交给服务端处理器（ServerHandler）。服务端处理器（ServerHandler）接受请求并返回处理结果。

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;

public class Server {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		//1 创建线两个程组 
		//一个是用于处理服务器端接收客户端连接的
		//一个是进行网络通信的（网络读写的）
		EventLoopGroup pGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
		EventLoopGroup cGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
		
		//2 创建辅助工具类，用于服务器通道的一系列配置
		ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
		b.group(pGroup, cGroup)		//绑定俩个线程组
		.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)		//指定NIO的模式
		.option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 1024)		//设置tcp缓冲区
		.option(ChannelOption.SO_SNDBUF, 32*1024)	//设置发送缓冲大小
		.option(ChannelOption.SO_RCVBUF, 32*1024)	//这是接收缓冲大小
		.option(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true)	//保持连接
		.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
			@Override
			protected void initChannel(SocketChannel sc) throws Exception {
				//3 在这里配置具体数据接收方法的处理
				sc.pipeline().addLast(new ServerHandler());
			}
		});
		
		//4 进行绑定 
		ChannelFuture cf1 = b.bind(8765).sync();
		//ChannelFuture cf2 = b.bind(8764).sync();
		//5 等待关闭
		cf1.channel().closeFuture().sync();
		//cf2.channel().closeFuture().sync();
		pGroup.shutdownGracefully();
		cGroup.shutdownGracefully();
	}
}

2.Client.java  ， ClientHandler.java   作为客户端，要向服务端发送请求，并使用ClientHandler作为服务端请求结果的处理器。

import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;

public class Client {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
		
		EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
		Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();
		b.group(group)
		.channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
		.handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
			@Override
			protected void initChannel(SocketChannel sc) throws Exception {
				sc.pipeline().addLast(new ClientHandler());
			}
		});
		
		ChannelFuture cf1 = b.connect("127.0.0.1", 8765).sync();
		//ChannelFuture cf2 = b.connect("127.0.0.1", 8764).sync();
		//发送消息
		Thread.sleep(1000);
		cf1.channel().writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer("777".getBytes()));
		cf1.channel().writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer("666".getBytes()));
		//cf2.channel().writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer("888".getBytes()));
		Thread.sleep(2000);
		cf1.channel().writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer("888".getBytes()));
		//cf2.channel().writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer("666".getBytes()));
		
		cf1.channel().closeFuture().sync();
		//cf2.channel().closeFuture().sync();
		group.shutdownGracefully();
		
		
		
	}
}

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPromise;
import io.netty.util.ReferenceCountUtil;

public class ClientHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter{


	@Override
	public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
	}

	@Override
	public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
		try {
			ByteBuf buf = (ByteBuf) msg;
			
			byte[] req = new byte[buf.readableBytes()];
			buf.readBytes(req);
			
			String body = new String(req, "utf-8");
			System.out.println("Client :" + body );
			String response = "收到服务器端的返回信息：" + body;
		} finally {
			ReferenceCountUtil.release(msg);
		}
	}

	@Override
	public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {

	}

	@Override
	public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause)
			throws Exception {
		ctx.close();
	}

}