SpringBoot创建Zuul网关

什么是Zuul

Zuul 是 一个API网关,API网关可以提供一个单独且统一的API入口用于访问内部一个或多个API。它可以将一个一直的请求通过路由的方式,映射到另外一个地址,使真实地址不可见;也可以对所有的请求进行拦截,验证,简单来说嘛就是一个统一入口，比如现在的支付宝或者微信的相关api服务一样，都有一个统一的api地址，统一的请求参数，统一的鉴权。

创建一个SpringBoot应用

pom.xml添加依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
    <version>2.2.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

完整pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.4.1</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.arithmeticjia</groupId>
    <artifactId>zuul</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>zuul</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>2020.0.0</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-milestones</id>
            <name>Spring Milestones</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
        </repository>
    </repositories>

</project>

application.properties

zuul.routes.springboot.url=http://localhost:8090

加入以上配置后，发送给http://localhost:8080/springboot的所有请求会被转发到8090端口。

修改启动类代码

增加注解@EnableZuulProxy

package com.arithmeticjia.zuul;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;


@SpringBootApplication
@EnableZuulProxy
public class ZuulApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ZuulApplication.class, args);
    }

}

然后新建一个hello-server的SpringBoot应用，在选择Dependencies(依赖)的界面勾选Web -> Spring Web，指定端口8090

application.properties

server.port=8090

写一个controller接口

package com.arithmeticjia.helloserver.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * @author ArithmeticJia
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2021/1/3 9:44 下午
 */
@RestController
public class Hello {

    @GetMapping("/hello/{name}")
    public String hello(@PathVariable String name){
        return "hello " + name;
    }
}

访问http://localhost:8080/springboot/hello/world