什么是Zuul
Zuul 是 一个API网关,API网关可以提供一个单独且统一的API入口用于访问内部一个或多个API。它可以将一个一直的请求通过路由的方式,映射到另外一个地址,使真实地址不可见;也可以对所有的请求进行拦截,验证,简单来说嘛就是一个统一入口,比如现在的支付宝或者微信的相关api服务一样,都有一个统一的api地址,统一的请求参数,统一的鉴权。
创建一个SpringBoot应用
pom.xml添加依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
<version>2.2.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
完整pom.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.4.1</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.arithmeticjia</groupId>
<artifactId>zuul</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>zuul</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>2020.0.0</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
<version>2.2.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>spring-milestones</id>
<name>Spring Milestones</name>
<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
</repository>
</repositories>
</project>
application.properties
zuul.routes.springboot.url=http://localhost:8090
加入以上配置后,发送给http://localhost:8080/springboot的所有请求会被转发到8090端口。
修改启动类代码
增加注解@EnableZuulProxy
package com.arithmeticjia.zuul;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableZuulProxy
public class ZuulApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ZuulApplication.class, args);
}
}
然后新建一个hello-server的SpringBoot应用,在选择Dependencies(依赖)的界面勾选Web -> Spring Web,指定端口8090
application.properties
server.port=8090
写一个controller接口
package com.arithmeticjia.helloserver.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
* @author ArithmeticJia
* @version 1.0
* @date 2021/1/3 9:44 下午
*/
@RestController
public class Hello {
@GetMapping("/hello/{name}")
public String hello(@PathVariable String name){
return "hello " + name;
}
}
访问http://localhost:8080/springboot/hello/world