1.配置中心Config
1.1概述
Spring Cloud Config就是我们通常意义上的配置中心。Spring Cloud Config-把应用原本放在本地文件的配置抽取出来放在中心服务器,本质是配置信息从本地迁移到云端。从而能够提供更好的管理、发布能力。
Spring Cloud Config分服务端和客户端:
-
服务器端也称为分布式配置中心,他是一个独立的微服务应用,用来连接配置服务器并为客户端提供获取配置信息,加密/解密信息等访问接口。
-
客户端则是在启动的时候从config服务端获取和加载配置信息。
SpringCloud Config作用:
- 集中管理配置文件
- 不需要重启即可感知到配置的变化并应用新的配置
1.2.上传配置文件到github
1.2.1.新建仓库
1、注册GitHub账号,并在GitHub上新建Repository
2、设置仓库名称为springcloud-config,点击Create repository
1.2.2.创建配置文件
application-test.properties
#向注册中心注册的名字
spring.application.name=config-provider
server.port=7888
#设置注册中心的地址
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://127.0.0.1:8761/eureka/
application-dev.properties
#向注册中心注册的名字
spring.application.name=config-provider
server.port=8777
#设置注册中心的地址
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://127.0.0.1:8761/eureka/
1.2.3.推送到github上
1.3.创建config服务端
1.3.1.创建工程
springcloud_config_server
1.3.2.pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.6.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<groupId>com.qf</groupId>
<artifactId>springcloud_config_server</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Greenwich.SR2</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<!-- springBoot的启动器 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- config-server的启动器 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
1.3.3.application.properties
获得仓库地址:
#端口
server.port=3344
#git仓库的地址
spring.cloud.config.server.git.uri=https://github.com/guangweima/springcloud-config.git
1.3.4.App
package com.qf;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.config.server.EnableConfigServer;
@EnableConfigServer
@SpringBootApplication
public class ConfigServerApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ConfigApp.class, args);
}
}
1.3.5.测试
http://127.0.0.1:3344/application-dev.properties
http://127.0.0.1:3344/application-test.properties
1.4.创建config客户端
1.4.1.创建工程
springcloud_config_client
1.4.2.pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.6.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<groupId>com.qf</groupId>
<artifactId>springcloud_config_client</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Greenwich.SR2</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<!-- springBoot的启动器 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--eureka-server客户端 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.qf</groupId>
<artifactId>springcloud_common_pojo</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring Cloud Config Client 启动器-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
1.4.3.bootstrap.properties
注意:客户端配置文件的名称必须为bootstrap.properties
#本微服务启动后先去找3344服务获取GitHub的服务地址
spring.cloud.config.uri=http://127.0.0.1:3344
#需要从github上读取的资源名称,注意没有后缀名
spring.cloud.config.name=application
#指定环境
spring.cloud.config.profile=test
#github分支
spring.cloud.config.label=master
1.4.4.service
package com.qf.service;
import com.qf.pojo.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.Date;
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Override
public User getUser(Integer id) {
return new User(id,"王粪堆",18);
}
}
1.4.5.controller
package com.qf.controller;
import com.qf.pojo.User;
import com.qf.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class ProviderController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@RequestMapping("/provider/user/{id}")
public User getUser(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
return userService.getUser(id);
}
}
1.4.6.App
package com.qf;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
@EnableEurekaClient//允许向服务端注册服务
@SpringBootApplication
public class ConfigClientApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ConfigClientApp.class, args);
}
}
1.4.7.测试
访问config-client:http://127.0.0.1:8777/user/1
1.5.配置中心原理
1.5.1.原理
Config Client从Config Server中获取配置信息的流程:
1. Config Client启动时向Config Server请求获取配置数据;
2. Config Server从Git仓库中查找符合的配置文件拉取到本地,并建立本地缓存;
1.5.1.测试
2.消息总线 Bus
2.1.概述
-
什么是Spring Cloud Bus?
Spring Cloud Bus集成了RabbitMQ、kafka两种消息中间件,连接微服务系统中的所有节点,当有数据变更时,可以通过消息代理广播通知微服务及时变更配置信息。 -
bus解决了什么问题?
解决了微服务配置文件变更及时同步的问题
2.2.创建bus服务端
2.2.1.创建工程
springcloud_bus_server
2.2.2.pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.6.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<groupId>com.qf</groupId>
<artifactId>springcloud_bus_server</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Greenwich.SR2</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<!-- springBoot的启动器 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- config-server的启动器 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- springcloud bus的启动器 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bus-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
2.2.3.application.properties
server.port=3344
#git仓库的地址
spring.cloud.config.server.git.uri=https://github.com/guangweima/springcloud-config.git
#消息队列的链接配置
spring.rabbitmq.host=192.168.204.131
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=admin
spring.rabbitmq.password=1111
spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=/
##springboot默认开启了权限拦截 会导致/actuator/bus-refresh出现 405,拒绝访问
management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=bus-refresh
2.2.4.App
package com.qf;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.config.server.EnableConfigServer;
@EnableConfigServer
@SpringBootApplication
public class ConfigServerApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ConfigApp.class, args);
}
}
2.3.创建bus客户端
2.3.1.创建工程
springcloud_bus_client
2.3.2.pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.6.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<groupId>com.qf</groupId>
<artifactId>springcloud_bus_client</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Greenwich.SR2</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<!-- springBoot的启动器 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--eureka-server客户端 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--Spring Cloud Config Client 启动器-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- springcloud bus的启动器 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bus-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
2.3.3.bootstrap.properties
#本微服务启动后先去找3344服务获取GitHub的服务地址
spring.cloud.config.uri=http://127.0.0.1:3344
#需要从github上读取的资源名称,注意没有后缀名
spring.cloud.config.name=bus-client
#指定环境
spring.cloud.config.profile=test
#github分支
spring.cloud.config.label=master
2.2.4.bus-client-test.properties
上传bus-client-test.properties
#向注册中心注册的名字
spring.application.name=bus-client
server.port=7888
#设置注册中心的地址
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://127.0.0.1:8761/eureka/
#消息队列的链接配置
spring.rabbitmq.host=192.168.204.131
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=admin
spring.rabbitmq.password=1111
spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=/
2.2.5.controller
package com.qf.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.cloud.context.config.annotation.RefreshScope;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
//自动刷新配置,重新从BeanFactory获取一个新的实例(该实例使用新的配置)
@RefreshScope
public class ConfigController {
@Value("${spring.application.name}")
private String applicationName;
@Value("${eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone}")
private String eurekaServers;
@Value("${server.port}")
private String port;
@RequestMapping("/config")
public String getConfig(){
return "applicationName: " + applicationName + "<br> eurekaServers:" +
eurekaServers + "<br> port: " + port;
}
}
2.2.5.App
package com.qf;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.config.server.EnableConfigServer;
@SpringBootApplication
public class ConfigClientApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ConfigClientApp.class, args);
}
}
2.4.测试
2.4.1.启动工程
2.4.2.测试bus客户端
http://127.0.0.1:7888/config
2.4.3.修改bus-client.properties
2.4.4.刷新bus服务端
1、Postman访问:http://127.0.0.1:3344/actuator/bus-refresh
2、bus服务端从新加载配置文件
2.4.5.测试bus客户端
http://127.0.0.1:7888/config
2.5.局部刷新服务
如果只修改了A服务的配置文件,这时候如果刷新服务,则所有的客户端(上百个甚至更多)都会从服务端更新配置文件。
2.5.1.刷新指定服务
http://Config-Server/actuator/bus-refresh?destination=需要刷新的服务名称:端口
例如:http://127.0.0.1:3344/actuator/bus-refresh?destination=bus_client:7888
2.5.2.刷新指定集群
http://Config-Server/actuator/bus-refresh?destination=需要刷新的服务名称:*
例如:http://127.0.0.1:3344/actuator/bus-refresh?destination=bus_client:*