Linux下使用pthread实现进程锁的注意事项

1. 背景

最近通过共享内存mmap实现多进程的数据共享，使用PTHREAD_PROCESS_SHARED时写错了，导致进程锁不起作用。

2. 接口

接口说明如下，用法与多线程的互斥锁类似，但需要额外设置一下PTHREAD_PROCESS_SHARED

SYNOPSIS
       #include <pthread.h>

       int pthread_mutexattr_getpshared(
                             const pthread_mutexattr_t *restrict attr,
                             int *restrict pshared);
       int pthread_mutexattr_setpshared(pthread_mutexattr_t *attr,
                             int pshared);

       Compile and link with -pthread.

DESCRIPTION
       These  functions  get  and  set  the process-shared attribute in a mutex attributes object.  This attribute must be appropriately set to ensure correct, efficient operation of a
       mutex created using this attributes object.

       The process-shared attribute can have one of the following values:

       PTHREAD_PROCESS_PRIVATE
              Mutexes created with this attributes object are to be shared only among threads in the same process that initialized the  mutex.   This  is  the  default  value  for  the
              process-shared mutex attribute.

       PTHREAD_PROCESS_SHARED
              Mutexes  created  with  this attributes object can be shared between any threads that have access to the memory containing the object, including threads in different pro‐
              cesses.

3 代码

实现一个N个进程同时操作一块共享内存的代码，8个进程每个对变量进行val++操作10w次，所以是期望最终结果是80w次就为正确。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include <pthread.h>

#include <sys/stat.h>
#include