IPC进程间通信的使用(六)—Binder连接池

之前几篇文章分别写了几种不同的IPC方式,不同的方式有不同的特点和使用场景。
在进程间通信是,AIDL是首选。很多时候开发过程中不仅仅至于要一个ADIL接口,当接口过多的时候需要创建多个Service,这样就比较不方便而且占用系统资源。所以又出现了Binder连接池。这里简单记录一下使用方法。
工作机制是:每个业务模块创建自己的AIDL接口,并实现此接口,这时候不同业务模块之间是不能有耦合的,所以实现细节都要单独开来,然后向服务端提供自己的唯一标识和其对于的Binder对象。对于服务端来说,只需要一个Service即可,服务端提供一个queryBinder接口,这个接口能够根据业务模块的特征来返回相应的Binder对象给它们,不同的业务模块拿到所需的Binder对象后就可以进行远程方法调用了。由此可见,Binder连接池的主要作用就是将每个业务模块的Binder请求统一转发的远程Service中去执行,从而避免了重复创建的过程。

个人理解:Binder连接池就是一个中转站,通过Binder连接池来实现AIDL接口和Service的交互。

举个例子:
创建两个ADIL接口:分布是ISecurityCenter.aild, ICompute.aidl

// ISecurityCenter.aidl
package com.kevin.testaidl;

// Declare any non-default types here with import statements

interface ISecurityCenter {
String encrypt(String content);
String decrypt(String password);

}
————————————————————————————————
// ICompute.aidl
package com.kevin.testaidl;

// Declare any non-default types here with import statements

interface ICompute {
  int add(int a,int b);
}

分布为上面两个接口创建实现类:

/**
 * Created by Kevin on 2019/4/11<br/>
 * Blog:https://blog.csdn.net/student9128<br/>
 * Describe:<br/>
 */
public class SecurityCenterImpl extends ISecurityCenter.Stub {
    private static final char SECRET_CODE = '^';

    @Override
    public String encrypt(String content) throws RemoteException {
        char[] chars = content.toCharArray();
        for (int i = 0; i < chars.length; i++) {
            chars[i] ^= SECRET_CODE;
        }
        return new String(chars);
    }

    @Override
    public String decrypt(String password) throws RemoteException {
        return encrypt(password);
    }
}


—————————————————————
/**
 * Created by Kevin on 2019/4/11<br/>
 * Blog:https://blog.csdn.net/student9128<br/>
 * Describe:<br/>
 */
public class ComputeImpl extends ICompute.Stub {
    @Override
    public int add(int a, int b) throws RemoteException {
        return a+b;
    }
}

再创建一个IBinderPool.aidl

// IBinderPool.aidl
package com.kevin.testaidl;

// Declare any non-default types here with import statements

interface IBinderPool {
/**
 * @param binderCode,the unique token of specific Binder<br/>
 * @return specific Binder who's token is binderCode.
 */
IBinder queryBinder(int binderCode);
}

创建一个BinderPool类:
该类中实现了一个单例方法,保证BinderPool初始化一次,初始中进行了connectBinderPoolService对Binder池进行绑定。同时内部创建了一个静态内部类BinderPoolImpl类实现了queryBinde接口,该方法中主要通过binderConder获取相关的AIDL接口实现类,如代码所示。

/**
 * Created by Kevin on 2019/4/11<br/>
 * Blog:https://blog.csdn.net/student9128<br/>
 * Describe:<br/>
 */
public class BinderPool {
    private static final String TAG = "BinderPool";
    public static final int BINDER_NONE = -1;
    public static final int BINDER_COMPUTE = 0;
    public static final int BINDER_SECURITY_CENTER = 1;
    private Context mContext;
    private IBinderPool mBinderPool;
    private static volatile BinderPool sInstance;
    private CountDownLatch mConnectBinderPoolCountDownLatch;

    private BinderPool(Context context) {
        mContext = context.getApplicationContext();
        connectBinderPoolService();
    }

    public static BinderPool getInstance(Context context) {
        if (sInstance == null) {
            synchronized (BinderPool.class) {
                sInstance = new BinderPool(context);
            }
        }
        return sInstance;
    }

    /**
     * 绑定Binder池服务
     */
    private synchronized void connectBinderPoolService() {
        mConnectBinderPoolCountDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
        Intent service = new Intent(mContext, BinderPoolService.class);
        mContext.bindService(service, mBinderPoolConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
        try {
            mConnectBinderPoolCountDownLatch.await();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

    /**
     * 根据binderCode来查询Binder
     * @param binderCode
     * @return Binder
     */
    public IBinder queryBinder(int binderCode) {
        if (mBinderPool != null) {
            try {
                return mBinderPool.queryBinder(binderCode);
            } catch (RemoteException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }else {
            //为null
        }
        return null;
    }

    private ServiceConnection mBinderPoolConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {

            mBinderPool = IBinderPool.Stub.asInterface(service);
            try {
                mBinderPool.asBinder().linkToDeath(mBinderPoolDeathRecipient, 0);
            } catch (RemoteException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            mConnectBinderPoolCountDownLatch.countDown();
        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
        }
    };
    /**
     * Binder意外死亡,重新连接服务
     */
    private IBinder.DeathRecipient mBinderPoolDeathRecipient = new IBinder.DeathRecipient() {
        @Override
        public void binderDied() {
            mBinderPool.asBinder().unlinkToDeath(mBinderPoolDeathRecipient, 0);
            mBinderPool = null;
            connectBinderPoolService();//重新连接服务
        }
    };

    public static class BinderPoolImpl extends IBinderPool.Stub {
        public BinderPoolImpl() {
            super();
        }

        @Override
        public IBinder queryBinder(int binderCode) throws RemoteException {
            switch (binderCode) {
                case BINDER_NONE:
                    return null;
                case BINDER_COMPUTE:
                    return new ComputeImpl();
                case BINDER_SECURITY_CENTER:
                    return new SecurityCenterImpl();
                default:
                    return null;
            }
        }
    }

}

服务端:
Service会根据queryBinder在onBind中返回相对应的相关的IBinder对象

public class BinderPoolService extends Service {
    private static final String TAG = "BinderPoolService";
    private Binder mBinderPool = new BinderPool.BinderPoolImpl();

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
    }

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return mBinderPool;
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
    }
}

客户端:
通过 BinderPool binderPool = BinderPool.getInstance(this);来连接服务,绑定Binder连接池。
通过 binderCode来获取相关的Binder,去调用相对于的服务,如下代码所示

/**
 * Created by Kevin on 2019/4/11<br/>
 * Blog:https://blog.csdn.net/student9128<br/>
 * Describe:<br/>
 */
public class BinderPoolActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private final String TAG = getClass().getSimpleName();
    private ISecurityCenter mSecurityCenter;
    private ICompute mCompute;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Button button = findViewById(R.id.btn);
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                new Thread() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        super.run();
                        doWork();
                    }
                }.start();
            }
        });
    }

    private void doWork() {
        BinderPool binderPool = BinderPool.getInstance(this);
        IBinder securityBinder = binderPool.queryBinder(BinderPool.BINDER_SECURITY_CENTER);//注意此处,不同的binderCode
        mSecurityCenter = SecurityCenterImpl.asInterface(securityBinder);
        try {
            String encryptStr = mSecurityCenter.encrypt("Hello Android");
            Log.d(TAG, "encryptStr=" + encryptStr);
            String decryptStr = mSecurityCenter.decrypt(encryptStr);
            Log.d(TAG, "decryptStr=" + decryptStr);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        Log.d(TAG, "execute compute method");
        IBinder computeBinder = binderPool.queryBinder(BinderPool.BINDER_COMPUTE);//注意此处,不同的binderCode
        mCompute = ComputeImpl.asInterface(computeBinder);
        try {
            int addResult = mCompute.add(2, 3);
            Log.d(TAG, "2+3=" + addResult);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

Binder连接池的实现中,通过CountDownLatch将binderService这一异步操作转换成了同步操作,这就意味着可能是耗时的,所以调用的过程中开了一个线程

注:本文章知识点来自学习《Android开发艺术探索》一书

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