Kafka的消费者API

kafka官方文档API

http://kafka.apache.org/090/javadoc/index.html?org/apache/kafka/clients/consumer/KafkaConsumer.html

一、高级API

kafka自己维护offset分区等等：创建和设置KafkaConsumer对象，记住要记得去订阅topic即调用subscribe方法

public class CustomNewConsumer {

	public static void main(String[] args) {

		Properties props = new Properties();
		// 定义kakfa 服务的地址，不需要将所有broker指定上 
		props.put("bootstrap.servers", "hadoop102:9092");
		// 制定consumer group 
		props.put("group.id", "test");
		// 是否自动确认offset 
		props.put("enable.auto.commit", "true");
		// 自动确认offset的时间间隔 
		props.put("auto.commit.interval.ms", "1000");
		// key的序列化类
		props.put("key.deserializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer");
		// value的序列化类 
		props.put("value.deserializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer");
		// 定义consumer 
		KafkaConsumer<String, String> consumer = new KafkaConsumer<>(props);
		
		// 消费者订阅的topic, 可同时订阅多个 
		consumer.subscribe(Arrays.asList("first", "second","third"));

		while (true) {
			// 读取数据，读取超时时间为100ms 
			ConsumerRecords<String, String> records = consumer.poll(100);
			
			for (ConsumerRecord<String, String> record : records)
				System.out.printf("offset = %d, key = %s, value = %s%n", record.offset(), record.key(), record.value());
		}
	}
}

二、低级API

实现使用低级API读取指定topic，指定partition,指定offset的数据。

1）消费者使用低级API 的主要步骤：

步骤	主要工作
1	根据指定的分区从主题元数据中找到主副本
2	获取分区最新的消费进度
3	从主副本拉取分区的消息
4	识别主副本的变化，重试

2）方法描述：

findLeader()	客户端向种子节点发送主题元数据，将副本集加入备用节点
getLastOffset()	消费者客户端发送偏移量请求，获取分区最近的偏移量
run()	消费者低级AP I拉取消息的主要方法
findNewLeader()	当分区的主副本节点发生故障，客户将要找出新的主副本

3）代码

a、findNewLeader方法

 private String findNewLeader(String a_oldLeader, String a_topic, int a_partition, int a_port) throws Exception {
        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
            boolean goToSleep = false;
            PartitionMetadata metadata = findLeader(m_replicaBrokers, a_port, a_topic, a_partition);
            if (metadata == null) {
                goToSleep = true;
            } else if (metadata.leader() == null) {
                goToSleep = true;
            } else if (a_oldLeader.equalsIgnoreCase(metadata.leader().host()) && i == 0) {
                // first time through if the leader hasn't changed give
                // ZooKeeper a second to recover
                // second time, assume the broker did recover before failover,
                // or it was a non-Broker issue
                //
                goToSleep = true;
            } else {
                return metadata.leader().host();
            }
            if (goToSleep) {
                    Thread.sleep(1000);
            }
        }
        System.out.println("Unable to find new leader after Broker failure. Exiting");
        throw new Exception("Unable to find new leader after Broker failure. Exiting");
    }
}

 private PartitionMetadata findLeader(List<String> a_seedBrokers, int a_port, String a_topic, int a_partition) {
        PartitionMetadata returnMetaData = null;
        loop:
        for (String seed : a_seedBrokers) {
            SimpleConsumer consumer = null;
            try {
                consumer = new SimpleConsumer(seed, a_port, 100000, 64 * 1024, "leaderLookup");
                List<String> topics = Collections.singletonList(a_topic);
                TopicMetadataRequest req = new TopicMetadataRequest(topics);
                kafka.javaapi.TopicMetadataResponse resp = consumer.send(req);

                List<TopicMetadata> metaData = resp.topicsMetadata();
                for (TopicMetadata item : metaData) {
                    for (PartitionMetadata part : item.partitionsMetadata()) {
                        if (part.partitionId() == a_partition) {
                            returnMetaData = part;
                            break loop;
                        }
                    }
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                System.out.println("Error communicating with Broker [" + seed + "] to find Leader for [" + a_topic + ", " + a_partition + "] Reason: " + e);
            } finally {
                if (consumer != null)
                    consumer.close();
            }
        }
        if (returnMetaData != null) {
            m_replicaBrokers.clear();
            for (BrokerEndPoint replica : returnMetaData.replicas()) {
                m_replicaBrokers.add(replica.host());
            }
        }
        return returnMetaData;
    }

getLastOffset方法

    public static long getLastOffset(SimpleConsumer consumer, String topic, int partition, long whichTime, String clientName) {
        TopicAndPartition topicAndPartition = new TopicAndPartition(topic, partition);
        Map<TopicAndPartition, PartitionOffsetRequestInfo> requestInfo = new HashMap<TopicAndPartition, PartitionOffsetRequestInfo>();
        requestInfo.put(topicAndPartition, new PartitionOffsetRequestInfo(whichTime, 1));
        kafka.javaapi.OffsetRequest request = new kafka.javaapi.OffsetRequest(requestInfo, kafka.api.OffsetRequest.CurrentVersion(), clientName);
        OffsetResponse response = consumer.getOffsetsBefore(request);

        if (response.hasError()) {
            System.out.println("Error fetching data Offset Data the Broker. Reason: " + response.errorCode(topic, partition));
            return 0;
        }
        long[] offsets = response.offsets(topic, partition);
        return offsets[0];
    }

run是最重要的方法

 public void run(long a_maxReads, String a_topic, int a_partition, List<String> a_seedBrokers, int a_port) throws Exception {
        // 获取指定Topic partition的元数据
        PartitionMetadata metadata = findLeader(a_seedBrokers, a_port, a_topic, a_partition);
        if (metadata == null) {
            System.out.println("Can't find metadata for Topic and Partition. Exiting");
            return;
        }
        if (metadata.leader() == null) {
            System.out.println("Can't find Leader for Topic and Partition. Exiting");
            return;
        }
        String leadBroker = metadata.leader().host();
        String clientName = "Client_" + a_topic + "_" + a_partition;

        SimpleConsumer consumer = new SimpleConsumer(leadBroker, a_port, 100000, 64 * 1024, clientName);
        long readOffset = getLastOffset(consumer, a_topic, a_partition, kafka.api.OffsetRequest.EarliestTime(), clientName);
        int numErrors = 0;
        while (a_maxReads > 0) {
            if (consumer == null) {
                consumer = new SimpleConsumer(leadBroker, a_port, 100000, 64 * 1024, clientName);
            }
            FetchRequest req = new FetchRequestBuilder().clientId(clientName).addFetch(a_topic, a_partition, readOffset, 100000).build();
            FetchResponse fetchResponse = consumer.fetch(req);

            if (fetchResponse.hasError()) {
                numErrors++;
                // Something went wrong!
                short code = fetchResponse.errorCode(a_topic, a_partition);
                System.out.println("Error fetching data from the Broker:" + leadBroker + " Reason: " + code);
                if (numErrors > 5)
                    break;
                if (code == ErrorMapping.OffsetOutOfRangeCode()) {
                    // We asked for an invalid offset. For simple case ask for
                    // the last element to reset
                    readOffset = getLastOffset(consumer, a_topic, a_partition, kafka.api.OffsetRequest.LatestTime(), clientName);
                    continue;
                }
                consumer.close();
                consumer = null;
                leadBroker = findNewLeader(leadBroker, a_topic, a_partition, a_port);
                continue;
            }
            numErrors = 0;

            long numRead = 0;
            for (MessageAndOffset messageAndOffset : fetchResponse.messageSet(a_topic, a_partition)) {
                long currentOffset = messageAndOffset.offset();
                if (currentOffset < readOffset) {
                    System.out.println("Found an old offset: " + currentOffset + " Expecting: " + readOffset);
                    continue;
                }
                readOffset = messageAndOffset.nextOffset();
                ByteBuffer payload = messageAndOffset.message().payload();

                byte[] bytes = new byte[payload.limit()];
                payload.get(bytes);
                System.out.println(String.valueOf(messageAndOffset.offset()) + ": " + new String(bytes, "UTF-8"));
                numRead++;
                a_maxReads--;
            }

            if (numRead == 0) {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(1000);
                } catch (InterruptedException ie) {
                }
            }
        }
        if (consumer != null)
            consumer.close();
    }

测试

 public static void main(String args[]) {
        SimpleExample example = new SimpleExample();
        // 最大读取消息数量
        long maxReads = Long.parseLong("3");
        // 要订阅的topic
        String topic = "test1";
        // 要查找的分区
        int partition = Integer.parseInt("0");
        // broker节点的ip
        List<String> seeds = new ArrayList<>();
        seeds.add("192.168.9.102");
        seeds.add("192.168.9.103");
        seeds.add("192.168.9.104");
        // 端口
        int port = Integer.parseInt("9092");
        try {
            example.run(maxReads, topic, partition, seeds, port);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("Oops:" + e);
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }