面向对象——instanceof和类型转换

面向对象——instanceof和类型转换

instanceof的作用是判断两个实例之间有没有父子关系。

类型转换特点：

• 父类引用指向子类的对象；
• 把子类转换为父类，向上转型；
• 把父类转换为子类，向下转型；强制转换
• 方便方法的调用，减少重复的代码！

核心思想——抽象：封装、继承、多态！

package（包）com.du.OOP.demo02：类Application（mian()方法）

package com.du.OOP.demo02;

import com.du.OOP.demo06.Person;
import com.du.OOP.demo06.Student;
import com.du.OOP.demo06.Teacher;

//一个项目应该只存在一个main方法
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //instanceof使用
        //Object > String
        //Object > Teacher
        //Object > Person > Student
        Object object = new Student();

        //System.out.println(A instanceof B);能不能编译通过，取决于A和B有没有父子关系！

        System.out.println(object instanceof Student);//ture
        System.out.println(object instanceof Person);//ture
        System.out.println(object instanceof Object);//ture
        System.out.println(object instanceof Teacher);//false
        System.out.println(object instanceof String);//false

        Person person = new Student();
        System.out.println(person instanceof Student);//ture
        System.out.println(person instanceof Person);//ture
        System.out.println(person instanceof Object);//ture
        System.out.println(person instanceof Teacher);//false
        //System.out.println(person instanceof String);//编译报错

        Student student = new Student();
        System.out.println(student instanceof Student);//ture
        System.out.println(student instanceof Person);//ture
        System.out.println(student instanceof Object);//ture
        //System.out.println(student instanceof Teacher);//编译报错
        //System.out.println(person instanceof String);//编译报错

        //类型之间的转化：
        //父类转子类
        Person s1 = new Student();
        //将s1对象转换成Student类型，就可以使用Student类型的方法了
        Student s2 = (Student) s1;
        s2.go();
        //或者直接写成
        ((Student) s1).go();

        //子类转父类(可能会丢失方法)
        Student ss1 = new Student();
        ss1.go();
        Person pp1 = ss1;
        //pp1.go();//报错，无法使用go()方法

    }
}

package（包）com.du.OOP.demo06：类Person（instanceof和类型转换）

package com.du.OOP.demo06;

public class Person {

    public void run(){
        System.out.println("run!");
    }
}

package（包）com.du.OOP.demo06：类Student（instanceof和类型转换）

package com.du.OOP.demo06;

public class Student extends Person{
    public void go(){
        System.out.println("go!");
    }
}

package（包）com.du.OOP.demo06：类Teacher（instanceof和类型转换）

package com.du.OOP.demo06;

public class Teacher extends Person{
    
}