Objective-C 2.0 筆記 (6) Ap Lifecycle 跟 Delegate

(1) 用 Xcode 产生的范例程式如下图：

 

 

 

(2) 这个程式在 iPhone 执行的 Livecycle 如下图：

 

 

(3) 所谓的 Delegate 是一种 Design Patter，当一个类别，我们想要改变其中部份行为（operation），当然最直接的想法，就是用继承，在子类别（child class），override 一些 methods。

 

 

 

但是有没有其他做法呢？如果我事先不能确定我要修改的类别是谁，我只知道我的对象，跟我已经讲好了协定（protocol），如果我能够满足这个协定，他就把工作交给我，然后我就可以乱搞，这样不是很好？他不用管我是谁，我不用管他是谁，我们只要讲好要如何合作。

 

这个就是 Delegate。（为何 iPhone SDK 选 Delegate 不选 Sub-class，我个人觉得 delegate 可以动态改变 Host 的行为，另外 delegate 也比较容易实作，且方便管理）。

 

举个例：

 

 
Objective-C 2.0
    
    

     
     

      
      
// A custom view that scrolls its children.
@interface TCScrollView : NSView {
 
   id delegate; // A delegate that wants to act on events in this view
}
 
-(IBAction)scrollToCenter:(id)sender; // A method that can be bound to a button in the UI
-(void)scrollToPoint:(NSPoint)to;
 
// Accessors. Implementation not shown.
@property (nonatomic, assign) id delegate;
 
@end
 
// This is a formal protocol: implementor doesn't have to implement all or even any of 
// the optional methods in the protocol
@protocol TCScrollViewDelegate 
 
@optional
-(BOOL)scrollView:(TCScrollView*)scrollView shouldScrollToPoint:(NSPoint)newPoint;
 
@end
 
@implementation TCScrollView
 
-(IBAction)scrollToCenter:(id)sender; { 
 
   [self scrollToPoint:NSPointMake(0,0)];
}
 
-(void)scrollToPoint:(NSPoint)to {
 
   BOOL shouldScroll = YES;
 
   // If we have a delegate, and that delegate indeed does implement our delegate method,
   if(delegate && [delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(scrollView:shouldScrollToPoint:)])
     shouldScroll = [delegate scrollView:self shouldScrollToPoint:to]; // ask it if it's okay to scroll to this point.
 
   // If not, ignore the scroll request.
   if(!shouldScroll) 
      return;  
 
   // Scrolling code omitted.
}
 
@end
 
@interface MyCoolAppController : NSObject  {
 
   IBOutlet TCScrollView* scrollView;
}
 
@end
 
@implementation MyCoolAppController
 
-(void)awakeFromNib {
 
  [scrollView setDelegate:self];
}
 
-(BOOL)scrollView:(TCScrollView*)scrollView shouldScrollToPoint:(NSPoint)newPoint {
 
  if(newPoint.x > 0 && newPoint.y > 0)
    return YES;
 
  return NO;
}
 
@end


     
     

    
    
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