python标准库（可在算法比赛使用的库）——difflib库

1.比较差异：

import difflib
​
text1 = "hello world"
text2 = "hello there"
​
diff = difflib.ndiff(text1, text2)
print('\n'.join(diff))

2.比较文件的差异

import difflib
​
with open('file1.txt') as file1, open('file2.txt') as file2:
    diff = difflib.ndiff(file1.readlines(), file2.readlines())
    print('\n'.join(diff))

3.比较列表的差异;

import difflib
​
list1 = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry']
list2 = ['apple', 'banana', 'kiwi']
​
diff = difflib.ndiff(list1, list2)
print('\n'.join(diff))

4.比较字符串相似度：

import difflib
​
text1 = "hello world"
text2 = "hello there"
​
similarity = difflib.SequenceMatcher(None, text1, text2).ratio()
print(similarity)

5.获取两个字符串的相似块：

import difflib
​
text1 = "hello world"
text2 = "hello there"
​
blocks = difflib.SequenceMatcher(None, text1, text2).get_matching_blocks()
print(blocks)

6.获取两个字符串的最长公共子序列：

import difflib
​
text1 = "hello world"
text2 = "hello there"
​
lcs = difflib.SequenceMatcher(None, text1, text2).find_longest_match(0, len(text1), 0, len(text2))
print(lcs)

Match(a=0, b=0, size=6)

import difflib
​
text1 = "hello world"
text2 = "hello there"
​
lcs = difflib.SequenceMatcher(None, text1, text2).find_longest_match(0, len(text1), 0, len(text2))
print(text1[lcs.a: lcs.a + lcs.size])

hello

7.比较两个字符串，并返回上下文差异

import difflib
​
text1 = "hello world"
text2 = "hello there"
​
diff = difflib.context_diff(text1, text2)
print('\n'.join(diff))