study msg

sen.c

#include "stdio.h"
#include "unistd.h"
#include "sys/types.h"
#include "sys/wait.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "string.h"
#include "errno.h"
#include "fcntl.h"
#include "sys/stat.h"
#include "sys/ipc.h"
#include "sys/msg.h"

struct msgbuf{
    long mtype;
    char mtext[1024];
};
int main(int argc,char const *argv[])
{
    while(1)
    {
        puts("please input infomation label:");
        int label;
        scanf("%d",&label);
        getchar();
        //create key
        key_t key=ftok(".",label);
        if(-1==key)
        {
            perror("ftok erro");
            exit(1);
        }
        //create msgid
        int msgid=msgget(key,IPC_CREAT|0666);
        if(-1==msgid)
        {
            perror("msgget erro");
            exit(1);
        }
        struct msgbuf *msg;
        msg = malloc(sizeof(struct msgbuf));
        msg->mtype=1;
    
        memset(msg->mtext,0,1024);
        puts("please input:");
        fgets(msg->mtext,1024,stdin);
        //int ret=msgsnd(msgid,msg,strlen(msg->mtext)+sizeof(msg->mtype),0);
        int ret=msgsnd(msgid,msg,sizeof(*msg),0);
        if(-1==ret)
        {
            perror("msgsnd erro");
            continue;
        }

        if(!strncmp(msg->mtext,"quit",4))
        {
            break;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

recv.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/msg.h>

struct msgbuf{
    long mtype;
    char mtext[1024];
};

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    while (1)
    {
        puts("please input infomation label:");
        int label;
        scanf("%d",&label);
        getchar();
        // create key
        key_t key = ftok(".", label);
        if (-1 == key)
        {
            perror("ftok erro");
            exit(1);
        }

        // create msgid
        int msgid = msgget(key, IPC_CREAT | 0666);
        if (-1 == msgid)
        {
            perror("msgget erro");
            exit(1);
        }

        struct msgbuf msg;  // 改为局部数组
    
        memset(&msg, 0, sizeof(msg));  // 使用 memset 初始化数组

        int ret = msgrcv(msgid, &msg, sizeof(struct msgbuf), 1, 0);  // 修改为 msg 的地址
        if (-1 == ret)
        {
            perror("msgrecv erro");
            continue;
        }
        if (!strncmp(msg.mtext, "quit", 4))
        {
            break;
        }
        printf("recvbuf:%s", msg.mtext);
    }
}

优化后的信号量控制共享内存

send.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/msg.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include <sys/sem.h>

#define SPACE 0
#define DATA 1

union semun
{
    int val;
    struct semid_ds *buf;
    unsigned short *array;
    struct seminfo *__buf;
};

int main(int argc,char const *argv[])
{
    key_t key =ftok(".",1);
    //create shm
    int shmid=shmget(key,1024,IPC_CREAT|0666);
    if(-1==shmid)
    {
        perror("shmget erro");
        exit(1);
    }
    //create 2 sem
    int semid=semget(key,2,IPC_CREAT|0666);
    if(-1==semid)
    {
        perror("semget erro");
        exit(1);
    }

    union semun a;
    
    //init sem
    //a.val=1;
    semctl(semid,SPACE,SETVAL,1);//space设置信号量0为1
    //a.val=0;
    semctl(semid,DATA,SETVAL,0);//data设置信号量1为0

    char *p=shmat(shmid,NULL,0);
    if(NULL==p)
    {
        perror("shmat erro");
        exit(1);
    }
    while (1)
    {
        if(semctl(semid,SPACE,GETVAL)==1 && semctl(semid,DATA,GETVAL)==0 )
        {
            //如果空间为1，且数据为0，说明没有数据所以发送数据
            printf("please input:");
            fgets(p,1024,stdin);
            semctl(semid,DATA,SETVAL,1);//发送数据后，将data设置为1
            semctl(semid,SPACE,SETVAL,0);//发送数据后，将space设置为0
            if(!strncmp(p,"quit",4))
            {
                break;
            }
        }
    }
    shmdt(p);
    return 0;
}

recv.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/msg.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include <sys/sem.h>

#define SPACE 0
#define DATA 1

union semun
{
    int val;
    struct semid_ds *buf;
    unsigned short *array;
    struct seminfo *__buf;
};

int main(int argc,char const *argv[])
{
    key_t key =ftok(".",1);
    //create shm
    int shmid=shmget(key,1024,IPC_CREAT|0666);
    if(-1==shmid)
    {
        perror("shmget erro");
        exit(1);
    }
    //create 2 sem
    int semid=semget(key,2,IPC_CREAT|0666);
    if(-1==semid)
    {
        perror("semget erro");
        exit(1);
    }

    union semun a;
    
    //init sem
    //a.val=1;
    semctl(semid,SPACE,SETVAL,1);//space设置信号量0为1
    //a.val=0;
    semctl(semid,DATA,SETVAL,0);//data设置信号量1为0

    char *p=shmat(shmid,NULL,0);
    if(NULL==p)
    {
        perror("shmat erro");
        exit(1);
    }
    while(1)
    {
        if(semctl(semid,SPACE,GETVAL)==0 && semctl(semid,DATA,GETVAL)==1)
        {
            //如果空间为0，且数据为1，说明有数据所以接受数据
            printf("recv:%s",p);   
            if(!strncmp(p,"quit",4))
            {
                break;
            }
            semctl(semid,DATA,SETVAL,0);//接受数据后，将data设置为0
            semctl(semid,SPACE,SETVAL,1);//接受数据后，将space设置为1
        }
    }
    shmdt(p);
    return 0;
}