numpy中reshape函数的三种常见相关用法
- numpy.arange(n).reshape(a, b) 依次生成n个自然数,并且以a行b列的数组形式显示
np.arange(16).reshape(2,8) #生成16个自然数,以2行8列的形式显示
# Out:
# array([[ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7],
# [ 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15]])
- mat (or array).reshape(c, -1) 必须是矩阵格式或者数组格式,才能使用 .reshape(c, -1) 函数, 表示将此矩阵或者数组重组,以 c行d列的形式表示
arr.shape # (a,b)
arr.reshape(m,-1) #改变维度为m行、d列 (-1表示列数自动计算,d= a*b /m )
arr.reshape(-1,m) #改变维度为d行、m列 (-1表示行数自动计算,d= a*b /m )
-1的作用就在此: 自动计算d:d=数组或者矩阵里面所有的元素个数/c, d必须是整数,不然报错)(reshape(-1, m)即列数固定,行数需要计算)
arr=np.arange(16).reshape(2,8)
arr
'''
out:
array([[ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7],
[ 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15]])
'''
arr.reshape(4,-1) #将arr变成4行的格式,列数自动计算的(c=4, d=16/4=4)
'''
out:
array([[ 0, 1, 2, 3],
[ 4, 5, 6, 7],
[ 8, 9, 10, 11],
[12, 13, 14, 15]])
'''
arr.reshape(8,-1) #将arr变成8行的格式,列数自动计算的(c=8, d=16/8=2)
'''
out:
array([[ 0, 1],
[ 2, 3],
[ 4, 5],
[ 6, 7],
[ 8, 9],
[10, 11],
[12, 13],
[14, 15]])
'''
arr.reshape(10,-1) #将arr变成10行的格式,列数自动计算的(c=10, d=16/10=1.6 != Int)
'''
out:
ValueError: cannot reshape array of size 16 into shape (10,newaxis)
'''
- numpy.arange(a,b,c) 从 数字a起, 步长为c, 到b结束,生成array
- numpy.arange(a,b,c).reshape(m,n) :将array的维度变为m 行 n列。
np.arange(1,12,2)#间隔2生成数组,范围在1到12之间
# Out: array([ 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11])
np.arange(1,12,2).reshape(3,2)
'''
Out:
array([[ 1, 3],
[ 5, 7],
[ 9, 11]])
'''
reshape(1,-1)转化成1行:
import numpy as np
z=np.array([[1,2,3,4],[5,6,7,8],[9,10,11,12],[13,14,15,16]])
z.shape
Out[4]: (4, 4)
z.reshape(1,-1)
Out[5]: array([[ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16]])
reshape(2,-1)转换成两行:
import numpy as np
z=np.array([[1,2,3,4],[5,6,7,8],[9,10,11,12],[13,14,15,16]])
z.shape
Out[4]: (4, 4)
z.reshape(1,-1)
Out[5]: array([[ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16]])
z.shape
Out[6]: (4, 4)
z.reshape(2,-1)
Out[7]:
array([[ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8],
[ 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16]])
reshape(-1,1)转换成1列:
z.reshape(-1,1)
Out[8]:
array([[ 1],
[ 2],
[ 3],
[ 4],
[ 5],
[ 6],
[ 7],
[ 8],
[ 9],
[10],
[11],
[12],
[13],
[14],
[15],
[16]])
reshape(-1,2)转化成两列
z.reshape(-1,2)
Out[9]:
array([[ 1, 2],
[ 3, 4],
[ 5, 6],
[ 7, 8],
[ 9, 10],
[11, 12],
[13, 14],
[15, 16]])